23 time at has similar meaning with Indonesian preposition pada, the preposition of
time in has similar meaning with Indonesian prepositions di and di dalam, and the preposition of place on has similar meaning with Indonesian prepositions di and
pada.
3. Affective Filter Hypotheses
In acquiring a second language, Krashen 1983: 25 presents a set of theoretical model that makes up current second language acquisition theory. The
theoretical model is usually called five hypotheses, namely the Acquisition- Learning Hypotheses, the Natural Order Hypotheses, the Monitor Hypotheses, the
Input Hypotheses, and the Affective Filter Hypotheses. In this study, the writer would only discuss the theory of Affective Filter Hypotheses as the
complementary theory being discussed in this study. Krashen 1983: 31 states that Affective Filter Hypotheses deals with how
affective factors such as emotions or attitude influence the second language acquisition process. There are three kinds of affective variables, which are
identified in second language acquisition study, namely: a. Motivation. Learners who have high motivation can learn better.
b. Self-confidence. Learners who have good-self image and self-confidence end to be more successful in the learning the second language.
c. Anxiety. Learners who have less anxiety and the classroom where the anxiety is low appear to be more conducive to second language acquisition.
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
24 Then, it could be concluded that learners with high motivation, good self-
confidence, and less anxiety tend to receive more input so that they could be more successful in acquiring the second language. Dulay and Burt 1973 in Krashen
and Terrell 1983: 38 have suggested that attitudinal factors may relate to second language acquisition in the following way: performers with optimal attitudes have
a lower affective filter. A low filter means that the performer is more “opened” to the input, and that the input strikes “deeper.” Thus, having the right attitudes may
do two things for second language acquirers: it will encourage them to try to obtain more input, to interact with the speaker of the target language confidently,
and to be more receptive to the input they obtain.
4. Feedback
