48 errors in using prepositions at, in, and on. The questionnaire items in the last part
of the external factors dealt with the availability of the explicit learning about English prepositions.
3. Interview Guide
Best 1977: 186 state that interview is, in a sense, an oral questionnaire. Instead of writing the response, the subject or interviewee gives the needed
information orally and face-to-face. According to them, interview is often superior to other data-gathering devices. First reason is that people are usually more
willing to talk than to write. Second, the interviewer can explain more explicitly the investigation’s purpose and what information he or she wants to avoid
misinterpretation from the interviewee. At the same time, he or she may evaluate the sincerity and insight of the interviewee, thus checking the truthfulness of the
responses. By using interview, the researcher may also stimulate the subject’s insight into his or her own experiences.
In this research, the researcher employed in-depth interview to obtain the additional data and information about the possible factors, which may cause the
students’ errors in using prepositions at, in, and on. According to L.A. Guion http:www.pathfind.orgsiteDocServerm__e__tool_series_in_depth_interviews.
pdf, accessed on July 22, 2009, in-depth interview is an open-ended discovery- oriented which is well suited for describing both program processes and outcomes
from the perspective of the target audience or the key stakeholder.
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49 According to I. E Seidman 1991: 3, the purpose of in-depth interview is
not to obtain answers to questions, nor to test hypothesis, and not to ‘evaluate’ as the term is normally used. Hence, this method was used to analyze the real
conditions faced by the students so that, hopefully, it would be able to find out the answer for the second research question, which is about the possible factors of
students’ errors in using prepositions at, in, and on. The interview was conducted after the researcher administered the test and distributed questionnaire to verify
the students’ answers in the questionnaire. To obtain the further information from the interviewees and to follow up of their response to the items in the
questionnaire, the researcher constructed ten questions, which were asked to the interviewees. The questions in this interview deal with the factors underlying the
students’ errors in using prepositions at, in, and on.
D. Data Gathering Technique
The first data were obtained from the test done by the participants on scheduled time. Firstly, the researcher asked permission to the lecturer of
Translation I class to administer the test and distribute the questionnaire in his classes. After the researcher obtained permission from the lecturer of Translation I
class, she came to the classes and asked the students to do the test and to complete the questionnaire in 30 minutes. The researcher administered the test and
distributed the questionnaire to the students in the end of the class so that the data gathering process would not disturb the teaching learning activities. When doing
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