Controlled Writing Guided Writing

In addition feature is grammatical feature of a description. Factual description usually include the following grammatical features: a verb in the present tense, b adjective to describe the features of the subject , and c topic sentence to begin paragraph and organize the various aspects of the description. 21 Other hand Fi nk assumed, “Writing description has purpose, this following element to write and reading description there are : 1. Concrete details. A concrete detail is a specific description that support, reflects, or expands a w riter‟s attitude purpose. Examples: The modern math student, using a calculator instead of a slide rule, make speedy and accurate calculations. 2. Images. An Images is a concrete, literal real, actual description of a person, physical object, or sensory experience that can be known through one of the five senses sight, sound, taste, touch and smell. Examples Lighting crackled and sizzled across the darkened sky sound and sigh 3. Similes A simile is a comparison, using like or as, between two objects. The comparison is between two things essentially different yet similar in one aspect. Examples Anger heated up in me like water about to boil. 4. Metaphors. A metaphor is an implied indirect comparison between two things without the use of like or as. 5. Connotative language. Connective words or phrases imply or suggest meaning different from their dictionary definition; they may carry a positive favorable, good or negative unfavorable, bad meaning. 22 From definition above the writer concluded description is the kind of writing used to bring the reader into the picture, for examples by telling the readers something strike the sense, how it looks, smells, sound, feels even 21 Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson, op.cit.,p.26. 22 Lila Fink et al, Text For Writing and Reading, Boston: Little Brown and Company , 1983, pp. 41-42. sometimes how it tastes. Description writing uses concrete language to portray the characteristic of object.

c. Exposition

Exposition is writing that explains something exposition is writing with a referential aim. The aim of exposition to present ideas, to make the ideas clear as possible and to persuade reader or listener by presenting one side of argument. Mark and Kathy opinion about features of an exposition, there are features of an exposition; a. Constructing an exposition, in the text usually has three section :  Introduces the author`s point of view and can preview argument that may d reinforce follow in the text.  The series of arguments that aim to convince the audience  Conclusion that sums up the arguments and reinforces the author`s point of view b. Grammatical features of an exposition such as  Word that express the author`s attitude modality example, will, may, must, always, rarely,  Emotive nouns and verbs,  Adverbs that show a time sequence and link arguments 23 From the explanation, the writer concludes about exposition is used to give information, making explanations and interpreting meaning. It includes editorials, essays, and informative and instructional material. In other hand Tricia Hedge defines, “Exposition is writing that inform, clarifies, defines, analyzes, or otherwise treats a subject by letting the reader. It often answer the question what, why, how”. 24

4. Kinds of Descriptive Writing

As we know that descriptive is to describe something, such as a person, place, or thing. When the people describe, they often describe each of people in 23 Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson, Text types in English 3, Australia: Macmilan, 1998, p. 22. 24 Tricia Hedge, Writing Resources Book for Teacher, New York: Oxford University Press, 1988, p.83