terms of age, nationality, clothes, hair, face, height, etc. Therefore, based on that statement it can be seen that describe has three types kind
a. Describing people
If you are writing a description of a person, you can start off their subject, physical appearance, the clothes, the clothes they wear the sound of their voices,
the language they use, or simply they walk.
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In the describing people, there are many ways such as hisher face, color of hair, clothes, skin, body shape, etc.
b. Description of a place
When we start to write anything in a description, it should be clear. As stated by McKay
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“The best way to describe a place is to show someone the actual place or to take a picture of it or just give the characteristics of the place
”. For example, if the place is a home or a room, so it is important to give clearly
picture of the size and arrangement of space involved. Therefore, in describing a place we should be taken consideration of a the location of the objects of the
place should be clear, b the details should be arranged logically and systematically so that it is easy for reader to imagine the object in their mind, and
c controlling idea, this is the most important in writing process, because if we have a strong controlling idea it can give the paragraph focus.
The Grammatical is used in describing a place is subject-verb agreement and as a notice that since the selection describes an area that now exists, all the
verb are in the present tense.
25
Santi V Buscemi , A Reader for Developing Writer, Boston: Mc Graw Hill, 2002, p. 305.
26
Sandra McKay, Fundamentals of Writing for a Specific Purpose, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall,Inc.,EnglewoodCliffs, 1983, p. 33.
c. Description of a Thing or an Object
McKay
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gives her opinion about description of a thing or an object that the best way to describe the physical characteristics of an object or a thing that is,
of course, to point the actual object or thing or to show a picture of it. At times, however, it is not necessary or possible to include an illustration of the object or
thing, such as its, shape, color, etc, in a descriptive an object or thing, the verb to be
is frequently used to describe it, and a verb it self must agree with the number of the subject in the sentence or called subject-verb agreement.
C. The Purpose of Teaching Descriptive Writing
Descriptive writing is one of the most important skills you can teach to junior high school students. By thinking the details that can make a description
come a live, the students can improve their writing ability and their skills in describing an object. To make the students capable in explaining something in
form of descriptive writing. Stanley et all said purpose descriptive writing, “Description may be used as end in it self but often serves other purposes.”
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The description can used for the other purposes, in general the primary for writing are:
To entertain the reader To relate experience andor express feelings
To inform the reader about something interesting or important To persuade the reader about to think or act a particular.
29
27
Sandra McKay, Fundamentals of Writing for a Specific Purpose New Jersey: Prentice- Hall,Inc.,EnglewoodCliffs, 1983, p. 17.
28
Linda C Stanley et al., Ways to Writing, New York: Macmillan Publising Company, 1987,p. 149.
29
Barbara Fine clouse, Patterns for A purpose, Boston: McGraw-Hill Publised, 2003, p.33
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CHAPTER III THE METHODOLOGY OF THE RESEARCH
A. The Objective of The Research
Based on the research questions above, the writer has the objectives of the research as following :
a To know the types of errors the students made in descriptive writing. b To know the causes of errors the students made in descriptive writing
B. Method of The Research
In this research, the writer should the descriptive analysis study. At the first writer focused on the problem such as the errors on the descriptive writing.
a writing test and analyze them classifying them into eleven types. Finally the writer interpreted the data about what kind of errors that the students made and
the cause of those errors in descriptive writing.
C. Instrument of The Research
The writer used a writing test as the instrument for collecting the data. For the test, the writer asked the students to write a descriptive text which the
topic about animal or thing, the student had to make a short text relate the topic given.See appendix 2p.44.
D. Population and Sample
The population of this is the 40 first grade students of “SMP PGRI 2 Ciputat”, class VII.2 to fulfill her research.
