The Formulation of The Study

types detract most from learners ability to communicate effectively. 2 From statement, the errors analysis is important to describe what kinds of error that the students make, to know the causes of the errors and how the student can learn for mistakes and correct in their writing. The teacher must be to analysis the errors, and the teacher able to correct the method while she teach. The writer concluded, the study of error is called of error analysis.The errors made by student of the target language. Error analysis tries to identify, to describe and to explain the error. It can help the teacher to minimize the students` error in learning. 1. The Meaning of Error The errors are systematic and making error is natural for the learner in learning a foreign language as natural as errors that occur in learning a first language. “ Error is a systematic deviation, when a learner has not learnt something and consistently gets it wrong ”. 3 It mean when students made a mistake leant foreign language, he does not apply the rule norm language. Douglas Brown defines an error as “ Noticeable derivation from the adult grammar of a native speaker, reflecting the inter- language competence of the leaner”. 4 The causes of errors made by students of foreign language limited to their exposure to the target language in the classroom and it is influenced by mothertangue. Acoording to Dullay said, “ Error is the flawed side of leaner speech or writing”. 5 Some time 2 Doughlas Brown, Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. New York : Prentice hall, inc., 1987, p. 215. 3 Norrish, J. Language Learning and their Errors. London: Macmillan Publisher Ltd, 1987, p. 87. 4 Doughlas Brown, Principles of Language Learning and Teaching, New York : Prentice Hall, Inc, 1987 , p. 170 5 Heidy Dullay, et.al., Language Two, New York: Oxford University Press, 1982, p.183 Errors are caused by differences between the native language of the learner and the language she is learning. According to those definitions about errors, so the writer conclude it shows that errors are something that the learner do in their speech and writing by using unacceptable and inappropriate form that the learner of grammar of the target language and competence of second language.

2. Causes Error

The error occurs for many reason. One obvious cause is interference from the native language. In this case, the students may make erros because he assumed from the native language and their native language are similar, but in fact, they are different . Another obvious cause is an incomplete knowledge of target language. Causes of error come from inter-lingual, intralingua transfer context of learning and communication 6 . There are : a. Inter-Lingual Transfer Mother language or native language of the learner has great deal of influence in learning second language or foreign language. It is called interference or inter-lingual transfer. In these early stages, before the system of second language is familiar, the native language is the only linguistic system in previous experience upon which the learner can draw b. Intra-Lingual Transfer In learning second language, inter –lingual transfer is one of the sources of error that must be recognized, but it is now clear that the transfer within the target language intra- lingual. As Brown stated, “Principles of language learning and teaching that intra –lingual transfer within the target language itself is a major factor in second language learning. Researcher have found that the early stages of 6 Doughlas Brown, Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. New York : Prentice hall, inc., 1987, p.p. 212-217.