of narration follows chronological order. Narrative writing usually find in novels, short stories, biographies and autobiographies.
b. Description
Description is writing to describe about person, animal, or things appear. It normally takes on of three forms. Description tells how something looks or feels
or sounds. It talks about such features as size, shape, color, sound, or taste. Ac
cording to Stanley et all, “The patterns of description the appearance of things that occupy space, whether they be objects, building or cities. The aim of
description is too convey to the reader what something looks like
19
. Lila Fink at all, has two opinio
ns about writing description “In general, writer has two possible approaches available to them: they can tell and show what want to communicate.
To tell means to relate information efficiently, that is, to sketch a word outline; to show, in contrast, means to describe fully, that is, to paint a complete word
picture
20
. From some definition above, the experts have same concept about description itself; they said that a description is to describe something like a
person, place, or object. There are some features in a description that we must give a serious
attention, they are features in construction a description. A typical description has an opening paragraph introducing the subject of the description, followed by
series of paragraph each describing one feature of the subject. There can also a final concluding section that signals the end of the description or in another hand
are an identification and description in a text. The identification of a descriptive text is usually as a main idea of the paragraph or called as a general statement, and
the description of the descriptive text is about the explanation of general statement or main idea or supporting details to general statement.
19
Linda C Stanley et al. , Ways to Writing, New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1987 , p. 4.
20
Lila Fink et al., Text For Writing and Reading, Boston: Little Brown and Company , 1983, p. 58.
In addition feature is grammatical feature of a description. Factual description usually include the following grammatical features: a verb in the
present tense, b adjective to describe the features of the subject , and c topic sentence to begin paragraph and organize the various aspects of the description.
21
Other hand Fi nk assumed, “Writing description has purpose, this following
element to write and reading description there are : 1. Concrete details.
A concrete detail is a specific description that support, reflects, or expands a w
riter‟s attitude purpose. Examples: The modern math student, using a calculator instead of
a slide rule, make speedy and accurate calculations. 2. Images.
An Images is a concrete, literal real, actual description of a person, physical object, or sensory experience that can be known
through one of
the five senses sight, sound, taste, touch and smell. Examples
Lighting crackled and sizzled across the darkened sky sound and sigh
3. Similes A simile is a comparison, using like or as, between two objects.
The comparison is between two things essentially different yet similar in one aspect.
Examples Anger heated up in me like water about to boil.
4. Metaphors. A metaphor is an implied indirect comparison between two
things without the use of like or as. 5. Connotative language.
Connective words or phrases imply or suggest meaning different from their dictionary definition; they may carry a positive
favorable, good or negative unfavorable, bad meaning.
22
From definition above the writer concluded description is the kind of writing used to bring the reader into the picture, for examples by telling the
readers something strike the sense, how it looks, smells, sound, feels even
21
Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson, op.cit.,p.26.
22
Lila Fink et al, Text For Writing and Reading, Boston: Little Brown and Company , 1983, pp. 41-42.
Kategori