representative of the population.
6
The sampling technique used in this research was purposive sampling; it is due to the writer‟s purpose in this
study which was to help the students ‟ with considered score in English to
get better reading comprehension, therefore the sample was taken purposively. As stated by Sugiyono, the purposive sampling is a technique
of sampling when the researcher has certain consideration for taking the sample which has certain condition that fit the aim of the research.
7
The sample of this research was 82 10
th
grade students from two classes; X IPA 2 which consisted of 41 students, and X IPA 4 which
consisted of 41 students. According to the suggestion from the English teacher who taught both classes, X IPA 4 was chosen to be the
experimental class which the treatment was given, while X IPA 2 was chosen to be the control group where the conventional reading method was
given.
D. Research Instrument
Test was used as the instrument of this research. There are two kind of test which was administered; pre-test and post-test. The pre-test which consisted of
20 multiple choice questions was done before the treatment was given; it is to measure students‟ basic reading skill. On the other hand, post-test which
consisted of 20 multiple choice questions was given after the treatment in order to see whether or not the treatment had given significant progress on
students‟ reading comprehension. The writer took the passages and questions for the test from google and several books of English for 10
th
grade such as Developing English Competencies for Senior High School which is written by
Achmad Doddy, Achmad Sugeng, and Effendi and Interlanguage: English for Senior High School Students X which is written by Joko Priyana, Virga
Renitasari, and Arnys Rahayu Irjayanti.
6
Louis Cohen, Lawrence Manion, and Keith Morrison, Research Methods in Education, Fifth Edition, Taylor Francis e-Library, 2005, p. 92.
7
Sugiyono, op. cit., p. 124
E. Technique of Data Collection
In this research, the writer used a test as a technique for collecting the data. According to Brown, a method for measuring a skill, knowledge, or
performance in certain area is called a test.
8
There are two kind of test used in this study; pre-test and post-test. The pre-test and post-test were used in order
to see the effectiveness of SQ3R method. The description of the pre-test and post-test are described as follows:
1. Pre-test
Pre-test was given for both experimental and control class before the treatment, it is to know students‟ basic reading comprehension before
the SQ3R method was given. As stated by Creswell, pre-test is a test for the sample of the research before the treatment is given to them.
9
The pre- test consisted of 20 multiple choice questions with several narrative
passages in which the students need to answer the question based on the passage.
2. Post-test
The post-test was given after the treatment, it was also given for both experimental and control class; yet, the treatment was only given to
the experimental class. The result of post-test score was used to measure the effectiveness of SQ3R method on students‟ reading comprehension.
Again, Creswell said that a post-test is a measurement on some attribute or characteristic that is assessed for participants in an experiment after the
treatment.
10
The post-test consisted of 20 multiple choice questions with several narrative passage in which the students need to answer the
questions based on the passage.
8
Douglas Brown, Language Assessmment Principles and Classroom Practice, Longman, p.3.
9
John W. C., Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research, Fourth Edition, United State: Pearson Education,
2012, p. 297.
10
Loc.cit.
