the Speech of the President of the United States Barak Obama 2013. The objective of the research is to explore the speech acts of request of political speech
which has been delivered by President Obama. The results of the research are speech acts of request is the most frequent prevailing in the political nominated
speech and the speech acts of request is mostly happened in an indirect way. There are some differences between two previous studies and this
research. This research intends to analyze some purposes that are different from both of the researches. This research adds the purpose of request and The Intern
movie as the object. Different with the journal article and thesis, this research is entitled A
Pragmatic Analysis of Requests Expressed By the Main Characters in Nancy Meyers’s The Intern Movie. The aims of this research are to describe the types of
requests expressed by the main characters in The Intern movie, to enlighten the strategies of requests expressed by the main characters in The Intern movie, and to
explain the purposes of request expressed by the main characters in The Intern movie.
B. Conceptual Framework
Since the research objectives are to find out the types, strategies and purposes of request, this research is under the field of pragmatics in which the
researcher focuses on requests in The Intern movie. Analyzing the speech act, especially requests, is a matter of making assumption that is an utterance
interpretation. Therefore, the researcher uses pragmatic ‘s point of view to
interpret the meaning of the utterances expressed by the main characters in The Intern.
Yule‘s classification of illocutionary act that is based on the criterion of what a speaker wants to imply in hisher utterances is used in this study. The
classifications are declaratives, representatives, directives, expressive and commisives. Requests fall under directives in which speakers and hearers attempt
to indicate their desires or needs. To answer the first and second objectives, the research employs the theory
of request offered by Trosborg 1995 to explore the types and strategies of requests expressed by the main characters in The Intern movie. There are four
types of request, i.e. indirect request, conventionally indirect request based on hearer, conventionally indirect request based on speaker, and direct request.
Meanwhile, the strategies are hints, questioning hearer‘s abilitywillingness,
suggestory formulae, s tatements of speaker‘s wishesdesires, statements of
s peaker‘s needsdemands, statement of obligationnecessity, performatives, and
imperatives. In addition, to investigate the purposes of request expressed by the main characters in the movie, the researcher uses a theory proposed by Achiba
2003. They are requests for goods, requests for the initiation of action, requests for the cessation of action, and requests for joint activity.
Figure 2. Analytical Construct Suggestions
Presupposition Pragmatics
The Intern
Speech Act
Representatives Commissives
Directives Expressive
Declarative
Command Request
Types of Request Strategies of Request
1. Unconventionally
Indirect 2.
Conventionally indirect based
speaker 3.
Conventionally indirect based hearer
4. Direct
1. Hints
2. Questioning hearer‘s ability
willingness 3.
Suggestory formulae 4.
Statements of speaker‘s wishesdesires
5. Statements of speaker‘s
needsdemands 6.
Statements of obligationsnecessities 7.
Performatives 8.
Imperatives Purposes of Request
A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF REQUESTS EXPRESSED BY THE MAIN CHARACTERS IN NANCY MEYERS’S THE INTERN MOVIE
1. Requests for goods
2. Requests for the initiation
of action 3.
Requests for the cessation of action
4. Requests for a joint activity
Implicature Politeness
Deixis
Context
32
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
This chapter is presented to describe the research method. The researcher divided this chapter into six parts. There were type of the research
– describing the approach in conducting this research; form, source and context of data
– describing the data clearly; instruments of the research; data collection technique
– dealing with how the data were collected; data analysis technique – showing how the data were analyzed; and data trustworthiness
– describing the validity of the data.
A. Research Type
This research was conducted by using mixed method, a combination of qualitative and quantitative method. This research was included as descriptive
qualitative research in which the researcher described the phenomena of request in The Intern movie by interpreting the data. According to Vanderstoep and Johnston
2009:7, qualitative research explains the description of textual phenomena. It refers to a research design which produces descriptive data. The researcher
described the data by explaining it deeply. Moreover, Denscombe 2007:248 states that qualitative research described the data which were taken in the form of
words by certain techniques from observations, reports and recordings. It focuses on the explanation using written texts.
Meanwhile, this research also used quantitative method to convey the frequency of occurrences of each characteristic in the movie. Vanderstoep and
