1992 argues that teaching materials are often the most substantial and observable components of pedagogy.
b. Criteria of Good Learning Materials
Sugeng 2010 points out that a teacher must consider the criteria for good selection of instructional materials. He also explains four of six criteria of good
materials from Print 1997 as follows. 1 Significance
Significant materials are the materials that suit students‟ needs. Significant
materials also consider students‟ interests and motivation because the two factors
play an important role in promot ing the students‟ success in learning. The
materials are more related to t he students‟ needs that are significant to the
students. 2 Validity
Validity of materials requires the materials to present what they supposed to present. The three criteria for valid materials are accuracy, authenticity, and
correctness. The first criterion is accuracy, which is related to format and grammar. The materials have to be presented in a correct format and use correct
grammar. The second criterion is authenticity, which is the resemblance of the materials to native language use. The last one is correctness, which is related to
the content of the message or the information. 3 Social relevance
This criterion is related to the social needs of the students. The materials promote moral values and ideals and they feature social problems found in
s tudents‟ life or advertisements in the classroom, composed in a textbook,
designed in a student worksheet, cited in a poem or an article, and so on. Therefore, whatever the teachers do to provide input, they also take into account
any related principles to make the learners able to learn language efficiently. From the explanation above, materials development can be defined as the
process by which a teacher or a materials developer creates materials to meet the need in teaching and learning processes to provide a source of language. It can be
creating, choosing or adapting, and organizing the materials and activities so that the students are able to learn the language effectively and achieve the learning
objectives.
c. Principles in Developing Learning Materials
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