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CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH
3.1 Research Design
The method of this thesis is qualitative research. As quoted from Sugiyono 2009:14, qualitative research is:
“metode penelitian kualitatif adalah metode penelitian yang berlandaskanpada filsafat postpositivisme, digunakan untukmeneliti
pada kondisi obyek yang alamiah, sebagai lawannya adalah eksperimen dimana peneliti adalah sebagai instrument kunci,
pengambilan sampelsumber data dilakukan secara purposive dan snowball,tekhnik pengambilan dengan trianggulasi gabungan,
analisis data bersifat induktif kualitatif, dan hasil penelitiankualitatif lebih menekankan makna daripada generalisasi”. Qualitative research
method is a research method that based on posypositivismphiloshopy, used to observ in natural object condition where theresearcher isthe key
instrument, the technique of sampling through purposive and snowball, to collect the data using triangulation, the data analysis isinductively
qualitatively, and meaning is the essential of qualitativeresearch.
Bodgan and Biklen 1982 propose five characteristics of qualitative research as quoted from Sugiyono 2009:21, they are:
a. Qualitative research has the natural setting as the direct source of data and researcher is the key instrument.
21 b. Qualitative researchis descriptive. The data collected is in the form of words of
pictures rather than number. c. Qualitative research are concerns with process rather than simply with outcomes or
products. d. Qualitative research tends to analyze their data inductively.
e. “Meaning” is essential to the qualitative approach.
The design of this research is descriptive qualitative research. Based on the five characteristics of qualitative research as proposed by Bodgan and Bilken, this
research will show the nature of the situation as it exists at the time of the collecting data and will be collected in words form.
3.2 Location and Time
This research is located in the area of cafetaria of Faculty of Cultural Studies, Jl. Universitas No.19 University of Sumatra Utara, Medan when the students have no
class and takes time during April 14 until 27 2015 between 10 am to 2 pm.
3.3 Data and Data Source
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