Background of study INTRODUCTION
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other don’t hear. They may believe other people are reading their minds, controlling their thoughts, or plotting to harm them. One of the most common
symptoms of schizophrenia that makes they are different from normal people is their language abnormality. The study on language disorder in schizophrenia is
always become an interesting topic to analyzed. Schizophrenia is a social phenomenon because one out of every hundreds
persons suffers from this illness Wróbel, 1989: 1. Silber 2014: 93 said that one of the central features of schizophrenia is interplay between disordered thought
and language used to express that thought. Language disorder in schizophrenia is the abnormal speech produced by some patients. This disturbance is
heterogeneous and has traditionally been termed ‘thought disorder’ Kuperberg Caplan, 2003: 444.
A variety of names have been given to the problem relates to language abnormalities, including language impairment, language disability, language
disorder, language delay, language deviance, and childhood or congenital aphasia or dysphasia. At certain points in the history of language pathology, some terms
have predominated, whereas others were used less commonly. From this statement, it can be concluded that the term language disorder may refers to any
language impairment in mother tongue Paul, 2007: 8. According to Chaer 2009: 148 language disorder divided into two major
divisions; 1 language disorder due to medical factor and 2 language disorder due to social factor. The language disorder results from medical factor including
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abnormalities in brain functions and speech organs. And the social factor including unnatural environment, such as separated or isolated from normal social
life. Language disorder due to medical factors differentiated into three groups.
Sidharta 1984 said that medically, language disorder can be divided to three groups: Speech disorder, Language disorder, and Thought disorder Chaer, 2009:
148. In fact, the terms “thought disorder”, “speech disorder” and “language disorder” are often interchangeably in psychiatric literature Radanovic et al.,
2012: 56. The analysis about language disorder in schizophrenia patients becomes an
interesting topic because language disorder due to thought disorder in schizophrenia is one of common signs and symptoms found in schizophrenia
patients. Identifying schizophrenia signs and symptoms earlier help people to seek help without delay and help assessment of the schizophrenia as well. This analysis
is going to try to describe subtypes of language disorder or schizophrenia speech found in schizophrenia paranoid patients by using Andreasen’s theory. Language
disorder due to thought disorder found in schizophrenia paranoid patients are various. Therefore, this analysis is going to try to find out some types of language
disorder found in schizophrenia patient, especially in paranoid subtypes. This analysis is expected to serve an understanding to common people
about language disorder occurred in schizophrenia paranoid patient. And this analysis is also expected to encourage other people who interested in this subject
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to do further research which will lead to further understanding to describe the problem of language disorder in other subtypes of schizophrenia i.e.,
disorganized, catatonic, residual, and undifferentiated schizophrenia. As the data source of this analysis, five patients suffering from paranoid
schizophrenia are selected randomly by the responsible Nurse in Simeulue District Hospital. Schizophrenia paranoid patients are being chosen because paranoid
subtype is the most common subtype and the paranoid patients are more communicative than other patients suffering from other subtypes of schizophrenia.
As Bengston, 2015 said that schizophrenia paranoid is the most common subtypes. He also added that people with this subtype may be more functional in
their ability to work and engage in relationship than other people with other subtypes of schizophrenia.
In addition, it is important to know that in the first observation of schizophrenia patients in Simeulue District Hospital on 4th February 2015, the
writer consulted with the responsible Doctor, Dr. Emir Abdullah, sp.Kj and Nurse, Ms. Otriana, and they agree to cooperate with the writer in doing the research in
the hospital. The Doctor suggested that in collecting the data, the writer will be helped by the responsible nurse because schizophrenia patients will be less
communicative to the stranger. Therefore, in this analysis the Nurse will be the writer assistant’s in collecting the data.