Research Questions Significance of the Study

The second one is conflicts experienced by Tom. The third point is the effect of those conflicts to Toms maturity process. The other writer who discusses about this novel is Sugiono 2001. She uses this book as her study object entitled The Significance of Toms Conflicts in His Character Development in Mark Twains The Adventure of Tom Sawyer. In her study, Sugiono 2001 has two findings. The first one is conflicts that Tom experiences in his life. The second one is the influence of Tom‘s conflicts to his character development in The Adventure of Tom Sawyer. Harbi 2017 shares his thought through his journal, The Femininity Concept in The Adventure of Tom Sawyer. He states that Tom Sawyer is an adventurous boy, poor, espertissimo, and orphaned. Harbi 2017 explains that related to the reader share ideas in force in American society of the nineteenth century, it may be possible to be provided by the customs of the characters, vision presented childhood, school model, ideology. Harbi 2017 also states that Mark Twain reported in a cursory manner the lives of adults in the work, seeks to emphasize more the infant universe, revealing the true essence of the human being uncorrupted by society: the beauty of ingenuity, the spontaneity, generosity and sincerity present in child. Seybold 2014 gives a sight of his point of view in his journal Tom Sawyer Impersonates The Original Confidence Man ”. He states that Mark Twain reveals his self-conscious engagement with the conman mythology at the moment when Tom Sawyers talent for designing elaborate ruses is most abundantly on display. Seybold 2014 explains that when Tom Sawyer compels the boys of St. Petersburg to aid him in painting Aunt Pollys fence, there is no crime, perfect or otherwise, for crime would imply that were the stark reality of Sawyers actions and motivations exposed, he would somehow be legally culpable. What Tom is guilty of is a perfect con, one in which pure performance, theatrical and rhetorical, is made redeemable for commodity, while the duplicitous motives remains obscure, to the benefit of all involved. Seybold 2014 also states that the absence of conventional currency helps the story maintain its puerile innocence. It can be seen through the whitewashing scene. Tom earned a lot of toys as a payment from his friends. The preceding studies discuss about The Adventure of Tom Sawyer in variety of point of views. However, none of them do the study on the influence of friendship to main characters. Therefore, in this thesis, the writer conducted a study about how the friendship between Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn influences Tom Sawyer‘s personality development as seen in Mark Twain‘s The Adventure of Tom Sawyer.

2.2. Review of Related Theories

The writer uses some theories in order to answer research questions. Those theories are psychological approach, theory of character, theory of characterization, theory of needs, theory of friendship, theory of personality development, and theory of persistence and change.