39 Assisted Language Learning. In relation to the development of technology and
also the new paradigm of using e-learning in education, there are many kinds of learning models which are based on ICT such as CBT Computer Based
Training, CBI Computer Based Instruction, Distance Learning, Distance Education,
CLE Cybernetic
Learning Environment,
Desktop Videoconferencing, ILS Integrating Learning System, LCC Learner-Centered
Classroom, Teleconferencing, and WBT Web Based Training.
2.1.4.2.2 Learning Concepts in E-learning
As stated in previous section, in general, e-learning is defined as the use of new multimedia technologies and the Internet to improve the quality of learning.
E-learning is non-linear because learners determine how, what and when they access information. It is also a dynamic process. It can be transformed and
customized on demand in response to learner and environmental variables. In e- learning, learners control their own interaction with the content and presentation.
Learner has more opportunities for reflection and application.
The content of e-learning allows combinations of objects to be assembled and dynamically presented for different environments and functional needs. The
communication between learners and teachers as well as other parties occurs
better through collaboration, in situational communities. Learners freely organize and select groups of individuals who have the same interests and purpose in using
the knowledge they get from various sources. There are three tasks learners must accomplish during non-linear instruction are: 1 selecting the sequence of
40 instruction, 2 structuring their knowledge, and 3 navigating within the
courseware Sleight, 1997. 2.1.4.2.3 Formats of E-learning
There are some formats of e-learning which uses online technology the Internet in delivering materials to learners. As described from the table below,
there are three formats that can be defined from e-learning models compared to traditional or face
–to-face learning model. The first format is web-facilitated. This learning model uses web-based technology to facilitate the traditional
learning process. The website is designed based on the syllabus and consists of the course material, assignment, and tests. The proportion of content which is
delivered using online learning is about 1-29. The second format of e-learning is Blended or Hybrid learning. The proportion of content which is delivered using
online learning is about 30-79. The e-learning course is blended into the syllabus and takes part to succeed the goal of the learning process.
Parts of the class sessions are held in the traditional classroom setting and some of them are
held using web-based distance learning. The meeting sessions can be replaced by teleconference and discussion forum. The homework, assignments and tests are
done and submitted via the tasks on the website. A critical element to the blended learning concept is reduced seat time in the classroom. The third format of e-
learning is full online learning. Most or all of the content of the course is delivered online. The proportion of content which is delivered using online learning is more
than 80. The meeting sessions in the real classroom are shifting into the virtual meetings via the features in website offered by the Internet.
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Table 2.3 Types of e-learning by the Sloan Consorsium 2007
2.1.4.2.4 Types of Interaction in E-learning
