Learning Model THEORETICAL REVIEW

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2.1.8 Learning Model

The next discussion presents the definition of learning model. Learning model is defined as a framework or structure which helps people to understand a large or complex concept by breaking down the concept into manageable units. In education, learning models provide teachers with an organized system for planning instructional activities and creating an appropriate learning environment which can be used to maximize the success of the learning process. Learning models affect all the elements which are involved in the teaching and learning process, such as the teacher ‟s roles, the students‟ behaviour, the classroom management, the nature of the procedures, the related materials, and the instructional tasks. The use of the learning styles model requires teachers to reorganize the instructional environment and instructional activities. To limit the scope of discussion, the learning model presented in this research is Dunn Dunn Learning Styles Model. This model is based on the student‟s individual learning styles and processing preferences in filtering, storing, and organizing information in our brain. It was developed by Drs. Rita and Kenneth Dunn, this model emphasizes the organization of the classroom and the use of a variety of instructional activities and procedures so that students will have the best opportunity to learnbased on each student‟s individual learning style. The Dunn Dunn model involves two main activities: 1 identifying the individual learning style 2 planning and implementing learning activities that accommodate the student‟s individual learning style strengths. 63 The teacher‟s primary role in this model is as a facilitator and leader. To be a successful facilitator and leader in class, the teacher should be able to identify the student‟s learning styles. Next, the teacher must arrange the class environment and develop a variety of instructional activities to accommodate the different learning styles role plays, instructional games, reading, individual assignments, group discussions, writing in a journal, etc.. On the other hand, the students are responsible for developing an understanding of his or her learning preferences and using that understanding to enhance his or her own learning experience. The students should be able to select appropriate activities so that they will be able to learn more quickly, and retain the new information easily. Briefly, learning models are the frameworks that can be used to facilitate the process of linking instructional activities to individual learning styles. In this research, Moodle learning model means the model of learning English using Moodle application as a supplementary material for ICE classes. The learning model describes the framework of the teaching and learning English by using a web-based material to help the students understand the material better in ICE classes. The topic-based material is easier to be used by the students so that the students will have more opportunities to access the material more often outside class.There are three topics that are used as the learning model in this research. The first three topics used in the portal are used as the learning model for the other topics in Level 2 and also in other levels in ICE classes. The role of the lecturer is to be a facilitator to help the students get used to acknowledge the use of Internet to support their study. 64

2.1.9 Review of Related Study