19 In this research, we would like to discuss and more concern about water pollution
caused by industrial activities see Figure 6.
Figure 6 . Specific Impact in This Research
2.4 Water Pollutants
The most essential of water pollutant parameters are BOD Biological Oxygen Demand and COD Chemical Oxygen Demand. BOD is defined, as the amount of
oxygen needed by aerobic decomposers to breakdown the organic materials in a given volume of water at a certain temperature over a specified time period. Rather same within
the BOD definition, but for COD the amount of oxygen needed by anaerobic decomposers to breakdown the inorganic materials.
BOD is caused by organic water pollutants that are oxidized by naturally occurring microorganisms. This ‘biological oxygen demand’ removes dissolved oxygen from the
water and can seriously damage some fish species, which have adapted to the previous dissolved oxygen level. Low levels of dissolved oxygen may enable disease-causing
pathogens to survive longer in water. Organic water pollutants can also accelerate the growth of algae, which will crowd out other plant species. The eventual death and
decomposition of the algae is another source of oxygen depletion as well as noxious smells and unsightly scum. The most common measure for BOD is the amount of oxygen used by
Industrial Activities
Water Pollution Air Pollution
Toxic Hazardous Waste - Decreasing of River Water Quality
- Decreasing of Air Quality - Soil Pollution
- Health Comfort Disturbing
20 microorganisms to oxidize the organic waste in a standard sample of pollutant during a
five-day period. 5-day BOD.
2.5 Storet Method
STORET short for STOrage and RETrieval is an EPA developed database for water quality, biological, and physical data that is used by state environmental agencies,
EPA and other federal agencies, universities, and private citizens.
2.6 Global Pollution Policy
Pollution arising from one region can change damage in another region. This Trans boundary pollution takes on the features of an externality between the “emitter” and the
“recipient” Peace and Turner, 1990. The typical ‘image” is that polluters are firms and individual people Peace et.al, 1990. It is wrong to think of polluters only as firms,
individual’s polluter, so do government.
Table 3 . Relationships between Emitter and Receptor
No External generator
Externality Sufferer
1 Firm
Firm 2
Firm Individuals
3 Individuals
Firm 4
Individuals Individuals
5 Government
Firm 6
Government Individuals
2.7 The Clean River Program Prokasih
