Documentation Data Collection Technique

organized in a variety of ways, for example, by interview, by questions, by people, or by places.” 14 Then, the researcher did the coding and reducing stages by gathering the data to see the differences and the similarities among them by breaking apart and rearrange them into categories. The researcher also reduced the data which did not have any relation to the topic studied. Eventually, she came to the last stage of analyzing the data which are interpreting and representing. Ary et al. state “Interpretation is about bringing out the meaning, telling the story, providing an explanation, and developing plausible explanations.” 15 Therefore, the researcher reported the findings by providing the thick description and explanation to give the whole meaning of what was studied supported by the data. Furthermore, for the data trustworthiness, the researcher conducted several test such as credibility to know the internal validity, transferability to know the external ability, dependability to know the reliability, and confirmability to know the objectivity. Therefore, the researcher did the triangulation in the data collected, the sources to cover those trustworthiness aspects. Ary et al. states: In data triangulation, the researcher investigates whether the data collected with one procedure or instrument confirm data collected using a different procedure or instrument. The researcher wants to find support for the observations and conclusions in more than one data source. Convergence of a major theme or pattern in the data from these various sources lends credibility to the findings. 16 Thus, the researcher conducted interview session with the teacher to investigate whether the data gathered from several observations matched to the data gained from other source and vice versa. If the finding results of multiple methods are similarly found then the study is reliable as Ary et al. confirm “Triangulation, which we have previously discussed, is also used to establish the dependability of qualitative studies. If multiple data sources or multiple methods result in similar findings, it enhances the reliability of the study.” 17 14 Ibid., p. 482. 15 Ibid., p. 490. 16 Ibid., p. 499. 17 Ibid., p. 503. 40

CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS

This chapter presents the data description which consists of discussing and analyzing the findings of the research. They are data collected from observation, interview, field note, and documentation.

A. Teaching – Learning of Speaking

The researcher is one of the BEC alumni who had spent her nine months to study there from 2010 to 2011. Therefore, the researcher decided to do the research at BEC specifically in speaking classes at TC program which were handled by Mr. Adin. In doing the research, she observed and joined the teaching and learning process in the class for ten times to see the situation and the condition through monitoring the teacher when he was teaching speaking. In order to dig the data deeply and to feel the experience that the students felt, the researcher participated herself for several times in the classroom activities. In addition, she stayed in home stay together with two students of speaking class where the researcher conducted the research. Therefore, she could observe them every day and obtain the data to complete the data collected. There are 8 classes with the difference schedules. The researcher conducted the speaking class observation in all classes. Here are the schedules: Table 4.1 Speaking Class Schedule Day Time Class Monday 06.30-08.00 B class 08.00-09.30 A class Tuesday 06.30-08.00 F class 08.00-09.30 E class Wednesday 06.30-08.00 C class 08.00-09.30 D class