most of them just kept silent. They did not want to have the discussion with others since they were not accustomed to it. Later, they cannot speak fluently.
The second problem is related to the teacher. Based on the preliminary observation, the teacher did not use effective learning method to build the students
motivation in the teaching and learning process. In addition, the materials given by the teacher were not interesting and less variations. As a consequence, the
students were not interested to be involved in the teaching and learning process. In conclusion, the students have many speaking problems that avoid them
from attaining good speaking ability. Because of those problems, they are lack of motivation and confidence in showing their communicative ability in front of the
class. Thus, the speaking problems which occur need to be solved soon.
C. Limitation of the Problem
In reference to problem identification above, problems encountered in the teaching and learning process are complex. It is impossible for the researcher to
investigate all factors determined speaking ability achievement. Therefore, this research only focuses on the problem that related to the teaching strategy used by
the teacher in speaking class. The strategy selected is by using Talking Chips which is a strategy to
improve students’ speaking skill because it encourages students to participate and overcome communication or process problem, such as
dominating group members. The reason for limitation of the problem is that Talking Chips has many benefits which can be used to improve the VIIA
students’ speaking skills of SMPN 1 Trucuk.
D. Formulation of the Problem
Based on the limitation of the problems, the formulation of the problem concentrated on the following research question:
“How can the use of Talking Chips improve students’ speaking skill in class VIIA at SMPN 1 Trucuk?”
E. Objective of the Problem
This study aims at improving VII A students’ speaking ability at SMPN 1
Trucuk through the use of Talking Chips. It is expected that the study solves the problems related to the teaching technique which occured in the context. Talking
Chips is an innovative way of inviting all students to participate in interactive activities that develop oral communication skills.
F. Significance of the Problem
In this study, the researcher expects that research paper has the benefits both theory and practices. There are two significance of the research. They are
theoretical and practical significance. Theoretically, this study is a useful reference about the use of Talking Chips strategy for others who want to write
about this issue. Therefore, it is expected that the findings of this study may contribute to further understanding of the use of Talking Chips strategy in
improving students’ speaking skill especially in junior high school.
Practically, the finding of the research may give benefits to the headmaster of SMPN 1 Trucuk, the English teachers, and the researcher. For the headmaster
of SMPN 1 Trucuk, the results of the research are expected to be an input to make policy in improving the quality of the process of teaching and learning English.
For the English teachers, the results of the research provide such information to improve the quality of teaching and learning process of speaking and improve
students’ learning achievements. For the researcher, the research is useful for showing her ways to find and
evaluate problems, plan the actions, and implement the actions related to the process of teaching and learning English.
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CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
As the main objective of this study is to improve students’ speaking skill by using Talking Chips strategy, some related theories are presented in this part.
This chapter presents the theoretical descriptions and conceptual framework related to speaking skill and Talking Chips strategy. The followings are
discussions of each item.
A. Theoretical Descriptions
1. Speaking
This section aims at discussing some points related to speaking skills involving a broad area of interest. They are definitions of speaking, elements of
speaking, the types of classroom speaking performance, micro-skills and macro- skills of speaking, the teaching speaking, the principles of teaching speaking, the
stages of teaching speaking, characteristics of successful speaking activity, teaching speaking in Junior High School, and also assessing speaking.
a. Definition of Speaking
Speaking is a communicative event which includes the use of verbal and non-verbal language to convey meaning. People usually communicate their
opinions, ideas, feelings, and beliefs by talking it with other people and it usually involves the speakers
’ physical, physiological and psychological condition. In line with Chaney Jondeya, 2011: 28, speaking is the process of building and sharing
