I will act in the play if you will. Will you please carry this for me?
2.
The negative of will may express refusal. E.g.: My uncle will not be there tonight.
57
3. To express a prediction
E.g.: According to the weather report, it will be cloudy tomorrow.
4. To express willingness
Ex: A: The phone is ringing B:
I’ll get it.
58
h. Would
1. To express the result of a condition in a contrary-to-fact situation.
E.g.: If I had time, I would go with you.
I do not have the time. Therefore, the condition is contrary to fact. 2.
In the interrogative, would may inquire as to someone‟s willingness to do
something, ask about someone‟s preference, or invite someone to do something.
E.g.: Would you be kind enough to this for me? Would friend be interested in this book about ancient art?
Would you like to join us for tea tomorrow?
3.
Would in the negative express refusal. It is the past of will not. E.g.: He would not let me enter the country.
4. To express a habitual or customary action in the past.
E.g.: When I was young, my grandfather would tell me stories. I would sit beside him and listen for hours.
57
George E. Wishon, Julia M. Burks, Let’s write English revised edition, … p. 233.
58
Betty Schramfer Azar, Understanding and Using English Grammar 2
nd
Edition, … p. 45.
i. Must
-
Function of Must in obligation
1. To express the idea of necessity or unavoidable obligation, or a condition
which cannot be changed.
E.g.: The time is up. We must go.
Perhaps we do not want to, but we have to choice
One must eat to live.
There is no choice
You say you want to pass. Then you must try harder.
it is the only way 2.
Must in the negative express prohibition and is used to keep someone
from doing something. The prohibition may be because of a rule, a law, the general disapproval of society, or the danger involved.
E.g.: You must not walk on the grass. There is a rule against it You must not pick the flower in the park.
It is prohibited by law You
mustn’t smoke in class.
Children
mustn’t cross busy streets alone.
Must can only be used to refer to present and future obligation. To talk about the past, had to is used.
E.g.: I had to leave early because I wasnt feeling well. 3.
In affirmative, must can be used to give strong advice or orders to oneself or other people.
E.g.: I really must stop smoking. You must be here by eight oclock at the latest.
When must is used the obligation comes from the speaker. If the obligation comes from outside must is possible but HAVE TO is more
common. E.g.: I have to work from 9.00 a.m. till 5.00 p.m.
4. In interrogative, must is used to ask about the wishes or intentions of the
person one is speaking to.
