Type of Research Source of Data and Data

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Type of Research

This study belongs to descriptive research since the researcher collected, classified, analyzed and interpreted the data. It is in accordance with what Surakhmad 1994 states that a descriptive method is a research method by ways of collecting data, arranging or classifying, analyzing and interpreting data. There are many types of research. The selection of a certain research type is determined by the basis of research objectives. Regarding this fact, the researcher adopted the qualitative research with descriptive method since the purpose of this research is to describe the facts or phenomena systematically and accurately. The qualitative research is essentially an investigate process; someone investigates a kind of social phenomena by contrasting, comparing, replicating, cataloguing or classifying the object Miles Huberman, 1984. It means that it is a type of research which does not include any calculation or enumeration, since the data produced as words. Therefore, this research was concerned with the description of the lexicogrammar and text of news texts in order to determine the writer’s perspective of each text. 47

B. Source of Data and Data

According to Arikunto 1985 data source refers to the subject from which the data are obtained. The method used belongs to the document review, that is gathering and analyzing of document produced in the course of everyday events Marshal, 1995 p.85. Patton also states that it consists of detailed description of situations, events, people interaction and observed behaviors; direct quotation from people about their experiences, attitudes, beliefs and thought; and passages of documents, correspondence, records and case history 1980. Meanwhile, the data are materials that are used in research. Arikunto defines “Data adalah segala fakta dan angka yang dapat digunakan bahkan untuk mencari informasi…” 1991, p.9. Data themselves may be in the forms of discourse, sentences, clause, phrase, or word which can be obtained from magazine, newspaper, book, etc. The texts, as the source of the data, were taken from Review magazine June 28, 2001 edition and Asiaweek magazine May 12, 2000 edition. Both texts exposed Abdurrahman Wahid act as the president of Indonesia. The researcher determined the writer’s perspective of both texts. The data of this research was lexicogrammar including nominal group, verbal group, transitivity, clause system, MOOD system, modality, and theme and text structure. 48

C. Sample and Technique of Sampling