4.2 FINDINGS OF TRANSITIVITY PROCESS’ ANALYSIS
After analyzing the transitivity process of six political articles of “Time” online magazine, it is discovered that Material processes occur 48 times, Mental processes
occur 11 times, Relational processes occur 15 times, Verbal processes occur 20 times, Existential processes occur 5 times and Behavioural processes occur 2 times.
It is obvious that Material process is the most often peocess occurs in six political articles. It shows that process of doing and happening is still done many times by the
participants of the articles. Verbal process is at the second place since the source of data is political articles which need a lot of comments. Relational and Mental process
are at the third and fourth place because those processes occur as the complement of Material process. The least processes occur are Behavioural and Existential because
political articles do not talk about process of behaving or existing. The distributions of the transitivity processes are shown in the following table:
Table 1 : The Distributions of Transitivity Processes in Six Political Articles of “Time” Online Magazine
NO PROCESS
TYPE Text 1 Text 2 Text 3 Text 4 Text 5 Text 6
TOTAL 1.
Material 4
1 5
7 5
26 48
2. Mental
- 1
2 2
- 6
11 3.
Relational 2
- 1
- 3
9 15
4. Verbal
1 5
2 2
2 8
20 5.
Existential -
- -
1 -
4 5
6. Behavioural
- -
- 1
- 1
2
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4.3 ANALYSIS OF SCHEMATIC STRUCTURE
Six political articles from “Time” online magazine are analyzed by applying model of genre. The analysis of the schematic structures of news genre consist of
newsworthy event, background event and source. The analyses are as follows:
4.3.1 Analysis of Schematic Structure in “
Senate Renews Ban on Plastic Guns, Rejects Expanded Restrictions”
Paragraph one consists of NEWSWORTYHY EVENT due to its characteristic to summarize the event in few clauses: “Congress renewed an
expiring ban on plastic firearms that can go undetected in metal detectors on Monday, though tougher restrictions on the guns did not pass. The Senate approved
the 10-year extension, narrowly missing the midnight deadline.” Paragraph two, three and four consist of BACKGROUND EVENTS due to
its characteristic to elaborate what happened, to whom, in what circumstances : “Last week the House passed the measure, which is now headed to the President to be
signed into law.” “The bill that passed the Senate on Monday is less stringent than the one
proposed by Senator Chuck Schumer, who pushed for a ban on detachable metal parts, which can be removed to pass through security screenings.”
“The rejection of Schumer’s push by Republican lawmakers marks yet another setback for stricter gun legislation since the Dec. 14 massacre at Sandy
Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn.”
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4.3.2 Analysis of Schematic Structure in “White House Touting Mental Health Funding After Sandy Hook School Shooting”
Paragraph one consists of NEWSWORTYHY EVENT and SOURCE because it is a comment made by authorities on the event that summarizes the whole event:
“Vice President Joe Biden will announce Tuesday that the Obama administration is promising 100 million to improve mental health services as part of its response to
the deadly school shooting in Connecticut almost one year ago, a White House official said.”
Paragraph two consists of BACKGROUND EVENTS due to its characteristic to elaborate what happened, to whom, in what circumstances : “The White House,
with Biden at the forefront, has pledged to find ways to stop mass shootings, but it failed to push any new gun control legislation through Congress, even after the
massacre of 26 people, including 20 children, at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn., late last year. A Biden-led task force identified mental illness as
another focus in the effort to stem shootings, and the White House has already set it as a priority, including by enforcing a 2008 law that requires insurers to treat mental
health as a physical ailment.” Paragraph three consists of SOURCE and BACKGROUND EVENTS
because the first sentence is a comment made by authorities on the event : “Biden will unveil the new funding Tuesday afternoon at the White House “with families
who lost loved ones during the shooting in Newtown,” the White House official said.” The second sentence describes the event : “The money comes from existing
government funding: 50 million from the Department of Health and Human Services to expand behavioral health services for people with mental illness or
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addiction, and another 50 million from the Department of Agriculture to expand mental health services in rural areas.”
4.3.3 Analysis of Schematic Structure in “Pivotal Senator Backs Out of Iran Sanctions Push”
Paragraph one consists of NEWSWORTYHY EVENT, SOURCE and BACKGROUND EVENT. The first sentence is a summary form of the event: “A key
Senate Democrat has agreed to withhold his vote for further sanctions on Iran until the Obama administration’s nuclear talks run their course.” The second sentence is
a comment made by a participant that describes the circumstances and the participants of the event : According to the Wall Street Journal, Senator Tim Johnson
said that he agreed with Secretary of State John Kerry that additional sanctions could drive Iranians away from the negotiating table. Johnson helms the Senate
Banking Committee, a pivotal position for introducing sanctions legislation. Paragraph two consists of BACKGROUND EVENT because it describes the
circumstances and the participants of the event : “Congressmen on both sides of the aisle have criticized the Obama administration’s handling of negotiations, arguing
that a recent interim deal was too weak and a new round of sanctions was needed should a long-term fix fall through.”
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4.3.4 Analysis of Schematic Structure in “Senator Will Fast To Support Immigration Reform”
Paragraph one consists of NEWSWORTHY EVENT due to its characteristic to summarize the event in few clauses : “After a year of frustrating setbacks for
immigration reform activists, Senate Majority Whip Dick Durbin has decided to stop eating for one day to call attention to the cause.”
Paragraph two and three consist of SOURCES due to its characteristic as comment made by participants in, witnesses to and authorities or expert on the event
: “Fast4Families, a group that advocates a path to citizenship for illegal immigrants through coordinated hunger strikes, met with the Illinois Democrat on the National
Mall Wednesday, a Durbin aide said, and Durbin accepted the group’s invitation to the join the fast. President Barack Obama and First Michelle Obama met with
Fast4Families late last month.” ““This fast will coincide with the observance of the feast of Our Lady of
Guadalupe, the patroness of Mexico and one of the most solemn days on the Catholic calendar for many,” Durbin said in a statement. “There is no excuse for the failure
of the U.S. House of Representatives to call our bipartisan Senate bill for a vote. [House] Speaker [John] Boehner is ignoring the injustice of our broken immigration
system; the suffering of millions of innocent Dreamers and the values at the heart of this great immigrant nation.””
Paragraph four and five consist of BACKGROUND EVENT due to its characteristic to elaborate what happened, to whom, in what circumstances : “Last
week, Boehner revived the hopes of immigration reform advocates by hiring Rebecca
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Tallent, a top policy aide on this issue. The Senate passed a reform bill earlier this year that has yet to be taken up by the House.”
“Durbin will fast from 7 p.m. Thursday until 7 p.m. Friday.”
4.3.5 Analysis of Schematic Structure in “Women in Federal Workforce Face More Obstacles Than Men”
Paragraph one consists of NEWSWORTHY EVENT due to its characteristic to summarize the whole event in few clauses : “Despite years of gains toward
equality, women in the federal workforce experience more challenges than men, according to a government report released on Thursday.”
Paragraph two, three, four and five consist of BACKGROUND EVENTS due to its characteristics to elaborate what happened, to whom, in what circumstances :
“The report, from the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, said that the biggest obstacles hindering women’s advancement to top positions was a lack of
flexibility for women raising young children and a lack of mentoring and training for top jobs.”
“According to the AP, women make up 44 percent of the federal workforce, but just 30 percent of senior executive service positions.”“Women earn roughly 89
cents for every dollar a man earns, which is better than the private sector, the report said, but the pay gap is worse among minority women.”
“Among the recommendations are that federal agencies offer different start times for workers and expand telework policies and satellite work centers to reduce
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commutes. The EEOC recommends formal mentoring programs and track increases in opportunities for women.”
4.3.6 Analysis of Schematic Structure in “Newtown Anniversary Comes One Painful Day Early For Obama”
Paragraph one consists of BACKGROUND EVENT due to its characteristic to elaborate what happened, to whom, in what circumstances : “An aide placed a
note in front of the president on the ornate wooden table in the Roosevelt Room. Somberly, he informed the roomful of cringing newly elected mayors that there had
been a school shooting and the details were scarce.” Paragraph two consists of BACKGROUND EVENT due to its characteristic
to elaborate what happened, to whom, in what circumstances : “The scene on Friday at the White House, just before Saturday’s one-year anniversary of the horrifying
school shooting in Newtown, Conn., came after a student at a Colorado high school critically wounded another student before fatally shooting himself. It was eerily
reminiscent for the President Barack Obama and his aides to the day when the most powerful man in the world learned of horror in small-town New England and was
powerless to stop it. The day he cried in the Oval Office. The day Obama called “the worst day of my presidency.””
Paragraph three and four consists of SOURCE due to its characteristic as comment made by participants, witness, authorities or experts on the event :
““Whenever a situation arises — whether it’s a tornado, terrorist attack, hurricane, active shooter situation, or wildfire — there are processes in place to brief the
President and coordinate a response to ensure the local leaders and first responders
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are receiving the support they need,” a White House spokesman, Bobby Whithorne, told TIME.”
““We’re planning for the worst but hoping for the best,” a White House official said. “There’s no question these situations are heart wrenching. All of us see
families and communities torn apart in the matter of minutes, but our sole focus, from the President on down, is to do everything we can to support the first
responders saving lives and keeping folks out of harms way.”” Paragraph five consists of BACKGROUND EVENT which describes the
circumstance and participant of the event : “Tuscon, Aurora, and Oak Creek are events that have become indelibly etched into the psyche of the Obama White House.
Moments that have shocked a nation and demanded maybe the most difficult of presidential duties: healerin- chief.”
Paragraph six consists of BACKGROUND EVENT and SOURCE. The first sentence describes the circumstance and participant of the event : “But school
shootings are different, aides, especially since Newtown, where 20 children and six adults died before the gunman killed himself.” The second sentence is a comment
made by participant in the event : “Aides say that for Obama, like millions around the country, moments like Friday’s shooting bring out the gut-wrenching anger and
confusion that it’s happening again. That another parent is losing a child.” Paragraph seven and eight consist of SOURCE due to its characteristic as
comment made by participant in the event : ““This evening, Michelle and I will do what I know every parent in America will do, which is hug our children a little
tighter and we’ll tell them that we love them, and we’ll remind each other how deeply we love one another,” Obama said hours after the Newtown shooting from
the White house, wiping back tears.””
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““Speaking at a tearful memorial service days later in Newtown, Obama said a society is judged by how it cares for its children. “We’re not doing enough — and
we will have to change.”” Paragraph nine consists of NEWSWORTHY EVENT due to its characteristic
to summarize the event in few clauses : “After an angry speech in April objecting to a “shameful” Senate vote against a gun control measure, Obama has conceded that
nothing is likely to happen on that front in this Congress. One year later after Newtown, as the Obama and the First Lady lit candles in memory of each of the slain
that fateful day, the president’s efforts to tighten gun laws and fix a broken mental health system have gone unfulfilled, and the notes keep coming.”
4.4 FINDINGS OF SCHEMATIC STRUCTURES’ ANALYSIS
After analyzing the schematic structures of six political articles of “Time” online magazine, it is discovered that Newsworthy Events occur 6 times, Background
Events occur 17 times, and Sources occur 10 times. The schematic structure which is the most often occurs is Background Events. It
shows that Background Events as the elaboration of the news has to occur dominantly because it explains the events including what happens, who gets involved
and in what circumstances. At the second place, there is Sources. It shows that Sources has to occur many times because it delivers comments from many
participants, witnesses, experts and authorities on the news. The least is Newsworthy Events because it only explains the news in few clauses as the summarize of the
news. The distributions of the schematic structures are shown in the following table:
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Table 2 : The Distributions of Schematic Structures in Six Political Articles of “Time” Online Magazine
NO SCHEMATIC
STRUCTURE Text 1 Text 2 Text 3 Text 4 Text 5 Text 6
TOTAL 1.
Newsworthy Events
1 1
1 1
1 1
6 2.
Background Events
3 2
2 2
4 4
17 3.
Sources -
2 1
2 -
5 10
After analyzing the transitivity process and the schematic structures of six political articles of “Time” online magazine, it is shown that there is relationship of
transitivity processes and schematic structures in those articles. The relationships are shown in the following table:
Table 3 : The Relationships of Transitivity Processes and Schematic Structures in Six Political Articles of “Time” Online Magazine
No Schematic Structure
Material Mental
Relational Verbal
Existential Behavioural Total
1. Newsworthy
Events 9
2 2
3 -
1 17
2. Background
Events 21
5 11
6 1
1 45
3. Sources
18 4
2 11
4 -
39
It is discovered that in Newsworthy Events occur 17 processes consist of 9 Material processes, 2 Mental Processes, 2 Relational Processes, 3 Verbal Processes
and 1 Behavioural Process. This means that Newsworthy Events have the least number of process because Newsworthy Events are only the summarizes of the news
in few clauses. Newsworthy Events are also the least frequent schematic structure occurs in those articles.
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In Background Events occur 45 processes consist of 21 Material processes, 5 Mental Processes, 11 Relational Process, 6 Verbal Processes, 1 Existential Process
and 1 Behavioural Process. This means that Background Events have the most number of process because Background Events are the elaborations of the news in
many clauses including what happens, who gets involved and in what circumstances. Background Events are also the most frequent schematic structure occurs in those
articles. In Sources occur 39 processes consist of 18 Material processes, 4 Mental
Processes, 2 Relational Process, 11 Verbal Processes and 4 Existential Processes. This means that Sources are the second structure which has most number of process
because Sources are comments made on the news. Sources are also at the second place for the most frequent schematic structure occurs in those political articles.
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CHAPTER V CONCLUSION
5.1 Conclusion
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