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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methodology applied in this research as well as the procedural steps done by the researcher. This chapter includes six
sections. They are the research method, research setting, research participants, instruments and data gathering technique, data analysis technique, and
research procedure.
A. Research Method
In order to gather data and obtain the answer to the proposed research question, the researcher conducted classroom action research CAR. The
researcher chose this method because classroom action research is controlled and done by teachers to improve their own practices Krathwohl, 1998. To do
action research, the data from teacher’s everyday practice are collected in systematic way and analyzed in order to make some decisions about the
teachers practice in the future Wallace, 1998. In this research, the researcher used the action research model
proposed by Kemmis and McTaggart 1988. According to them, there are four essential stages in action research: planning, acting, observing, and
reflecting. The detailed procedure done by the researcher in each stage is elaborated below.
32 Planning
In the planning stage, the researcher did a preliminary study to figure out what problems that the teacher and students had regarding with reading
comprehension. After that, the researcher looked for some information to help teacher improve their teaching and aid students overcome their difficulty. The
use of the Venn diagram strategy then appeared among the other alternatives. Subsequently, the researcher conducted a library study on relevant theories,
such as reading comprehension, analytical exposition texts, Venn diagram strategy, and CAR. The researcher also prepared the lesson plans, materials
for teaching, observation sheets and reading comprehension tests. During the making of the materials, the researcher consulted to the teacher as well.
Acting Having done the preparation, the researcher implemented the method
in the acting stage. The researcher also acted as the teacher. While conducting the action, the researcher was helped by peer-observers to write down what
was being observed by using observation sheets. Besides, the researcher made field notes after the implementation. The observation sheets and field notes
were used as the description of the implementation of the research. During this stage, the researcher also conducted tests.
Observing After the implementation in the class, the researcher analyzed the
observation sheets, field notes, students’ work Venn diagrams, and the tests.
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