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to be the most enjoyable strategy to organize thoughts because the students can see the whole subjectarea. Besides, Venn diagrams are also enjoyable to
look at, read, muse over, remember and write. Consequently, this method will improve memory, concentration, creativity and ability in writing. In regard to
writing, students are also taught to be extremely efficient since they have been provided with limited spaces to write. However, it does not mean that their
thought is limited. They can still pour their ideas into writing in a more efficient way.
Besides its interesting appearance, the Venn diagram strategy is also beneficial in terms of students’ understanding. Since this method facilitates
students to compare and contrast, this method will then improve the understanding of the relationship among facts. The Venn diagram method also
helps the students absorb and process information more quickly and easily.
4. Classroom Action Research CAR
This section covers the theories of classroom action research which are relevant to the study. The theories are the nature of classroom action research,
the characteristics, and also the model.
a. The Nature of CAR
CAR is one of the most used methodologies in the educational field. CAR
is teachers’ action on implementing and evaluating their teachings in order to improve their own teachings or their colleagues’ teachings Hopkins,
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2008. Therefore, teacher should be willing to reflect and evaluate their performance and think about the
best way to improve students’ learning and achievement Mertler, 2009. In addition, Wallace 1998 argues that action
research intends to devel op professionals’ performances.
From the definitions above, it can be inferred that the focus of CAR is on the teachers
’ performance. Besides, the teacher is given a chance to reflect and evaluate their performances. Then, the teacher can improve their teaching
by proposing new ideas or solutions.
b. Characteristics of CAR
Each research method has their own characteristics and these are the characteristics of CAR presented by Burns 1999. First, action research is
contextual and localized. Besides, due to its repetitive cycle, action research is very evaluative and reflective as it aims to bring changes and improvements in
practice. Since it involves teamwork, it is also participatory as it provides for collaborative investigation by teams of colleagues and researchers. In regard
to the aim of CAR, the changes in practice are based on the collection of information or data which provides the stimulus for changes.
c. The Model of CAR
Kemmis and McTaggart 1988 state that CAR occurs in a dynamic process which consists of four stages: planning, acting, observing, and
reflecting. These four steps are done in sequence and later will spiral back to PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
