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C. Problem Limitation
This study focuses on designing writing instruction materials for grade VIII students of Junior High School. The reason why students of grade VIII were
chosen is because at this grade, the students start to be given more materials which are related to their writing skills. They start to rehearse their writing skill using the
materials such as functional text, narrative text, etc. These kinds of materials will support the students to improve their writing ability only if the activities are
arranged with the appropriate approach. Besides, this study also focuses on the designing of writing materials based
on the Process-Based Approach. The reason is because this approach allows the students to learn more about writing. They learn not only to have a mere product
of their work, which is done in the traditional approach, but also the step-by-step process of completing their work. Therefore, applying this approach allows the
students to understand how to create a good writing product. At the end of the study, the designed materials will be presented without
implementing them to find out their effectiveness.
D. Problem Formulation
As the study concerns with the material design for teaching writing for Junior High School Students grade VIII, two problems are stated as follows:
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1. How is a set of English writing materials using the Process-Based
Approach for grade VIII students of SMP Institut Indonesia Yogyakarta designed?
2. What does the set of English writing materials using the Process-Based
Approach for grade VIII students of SMP Institut Indonesia Yogyakarta look like?
E. Objectives of the Study
As the study intends to find the answers of two questions asked in the problem formulation, two objectives are stated here:
1. To find out how a set of English writing materials using the Process-Based
Approach for grade VIII students of SMP Institut Indonesia Yogyakarta is designed.
2. To present the designed set of English writing instructional materials using
the Process-Based Approach for grade VIII students of SMP Institut Indonesia Yogyakarta
.
F. Benefits of the Study
This study is intended to benefit for: 1.
English Teachers The result of the research will be useful for Junior High School
teachers as material to improve their teaching approach in writing.
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2. Students
The result of the research can help the students in improving their writing skill and encourage them to practice their writing skills more.
3. Designers
This research helps the other designers to be more creative and to improve their knowledge especially in designing writing instructional
materials.
G. Definition of Terms
There are some terms that are referred to this study. To avoid misunderstanding, it is necessary to explain them based on the relevant sources.
a. Writing
Writing is the application of spoken language in the form of text. It is the application of grammatical rules, lexical items, and the theoretical patterns
to produce a text. Walters, 1983: 17 b.
Process-Based Approach The writing process approach Cohen, 1990: 105 put emphasis on the
incubation period in which the written piece takes shape. The activities are done in the several rounds of peer edits and self-assessment before it
reaches the teacher for assessment.
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c. Writing Instructional Materials
Instructional material means the material planed or designed by the teacher for instructions. Banathy 1976:16 defines instructional material as a
system which includes the objectives, materials, and evaluation. According to Dick and Reiser 1989: 3, instructional material can be in a form of
printed materials, computer-assisted instructions, and televised instruction. Therefore, the writing instructional materials are materials that are
included in the instructional system. In this study, that material is in a form of printed materials.
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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
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