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Figure 4: The Steps in Designing the English Listening Instructional Materials for the Eleventh Grade Students of
SMK Pius X Magelang
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
In this section, the writer would like to present the methodology used in this study. It will mainly discuss the research method, research participants, research
instruments, data gathering techniques, data analysis technique, and research procedure.
A. Research Method
It is mentioned in Problem Formulation in the first chapter that there are two research questions needed to answer as follows: 1. How is a set of English Listening
materials for the Eleventh grade students of SMK Pius X designed? 2. What does the English Listening materials for the Eleventh grade students of SMK Pius X look like?
Those two questions need to be answered, and in this section the writer discussed the method used to solve the problem in this study. Since this study is aimed to present a
set of English listening instructional materials, a research was conducted to obtain the data using a method namely Research and Development.
In this study, the writer applied Research and Development method R D, which according to Borg and Gall 1983: 772, R D is a process used to develop
and validate educational products, such as teaching materials teaching methods and PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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method for organizing instruction. Furthermore, the goal of R D is to develop the research knowledge and incorporate it into a product that combines educational
research and educational practice rather than discover new knowledge Borg and Gall: 771.
The writer decided to use R D method because it facilitated the writer to create tested and applicable educational products for the subject of the study, which was
SMK Pius X Magelang . R D consists of a cycle where a product will be
developed, field tested, and improved on the basis of field-test data. R D contains ten steps, namely, Research and Information Collecting, Planning, Development of
Preliminary Form of Product, Preliminary Field Testing, Main Product Revision, Main Field Testing, Operational Product Revision, Operational Field Testing, Final
Product Revision, and dissemination and Implementation Borg and Gall, 1983: 775. However, the writer would apply only five steps to solve the problems in this
study because of the limitation of time and capacity.
1. Research and Information Collecting
This step included review of literature, classroom observations in this study. The library study was conducted since November 2008. The importance of this step was
to help the writer design the qualified educational product as needed by the students of the SMK Pius X. Therefore, in this step the writer collected the data from the
Eleventh grade students of SMK Pius X Magelang as well as the English teachers. The data would gather the information about the conditions and characteristics of the
students which influenced the materials development. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
