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Step 4 . Preliminary Field Testing
The post-design questionnaire attempted to find out the opinions and suggestions from the respondents. Conducting interview and distributing
questionnaire were the main purpose of this step. The respondents of this step were the two English teachers of SD Percobaan 3 Pakem, and two English
lecturers of the English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. The information and suggestion gave contribution in analyzing and
evaluating the designed material. Another purpose was to determine whether the material was appropriate and pertinent or not.
Step 5. Main Product Revision
The results of the post-design questionnaire and feedback from teachers and lecturers were used as the basis of revising the material design. The researcher
revised the design based on the questionnaires, suggestion, and other needs.
B. Research Participants
In order to collect the research data, the writer needed research participants in gaining the research data. The participants were consisting of three types of
participants; they are stated as follows. 1.
The first was the fifth grade students of SD Percobaan 3 Pakem. In order to design the materials, the writer distributed the questionnaires to the students in
order to know their interests, wants, and needs of what kind of English materials to improve their English.
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2. The second was a fifth grade English teacher of SD Percobaan 3 Pakem. The
teacher was the participant for pre-design and post-design survey. In pre-design survey, the writer gathered the data maximally from the teacher; the writer used
interview technique in gaining the data. The writer interviewed about the students’ need, interest, and want, and kinds of learning activities to improve the
students based on the teacher’s perception. In post-design survey, the writer distributed questionnaire and the designed material. It was aimed to collect the
teacher’s opinion and suggestion about the designed material. 3.
The third was two English lecturers of English Language Education Study Program Sanata Dharma University. The lecturers were the participants for post-
design survey. In post-design survey, the writer distributed the questionnaire and the designed material to the lecturers. The questionnaires were aimed to obtain the
participants’ feedback about designed materials for fifth grade students of SD Percobaan 3
Pakem. The participants were judging the materials whether it was appropriate or not.
By considering the explanation, it can be concluded that the participants became one important element on the designed material. Since the participants
contributed a lot on designing material process; from the participants, the data, information, and feedback were collected.
C. Research Instruments
In pre-design survey, the writer needed research instruments to help the writer in gaining the data. There were two research instruments used; they are
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questionnaire and interview. Each of research instruments was explained as
follows. 1. Questionnaire
A questionnaire is an instrument to gather information through the respondents’ written responses to a list of questions. According to Ary 1972:
175 there are two types of questionnaire, they are structured or close questionnaire and constructed or open questionnaire. Close questionnaire is a kind
of questionnaire in which the respondents just write down their answer based on the option provided. On the other hand, open questionnaire is a kind of
questionnaire in which the participants could freely state their opinion or suggestions based on the questions. In this study, there were two questionnaires
that were used to gain the data. The first was the questionnaire for pre-design survey that was aimed for the fifth grade students of SD Percobaan 3 Pakem. The
questionnaire for pre-design survey was aimed to gather data about the students’ interest, needs, and wants of the learning English materials. The second was
questionnaire for post design survey consisted of two English lecturers of the English Language Education Study Program and two English teachers of SD
Percobaan 3 Pakem . This questionnaire was aimed to obtain feedback from the
English teachers of SD Percobaan 3 Pakem and two English lecturers of English Language Education Study Program Sanata Dharma University about the
designed material whether the designed material was appropriate or not.
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2. Interview
Interview is a kind of instruments to gather the data from the interviewee. According to Grix 2004: 125, there are four broad types of interview technique
that can be used: structured interview, semi structured and the unstructured interview, and group interview.
Grix 2004: 127 explained further the description of each interview, the first is structured interview, this technique is the most
rigorous and the least flexible in the way it is set up. In this technique, the researcher could record and take note the result of the interview. The structured
technique can be also carried out via e-mail or by telephone Kumar, 1999: 109. The next technique is, semi structured and unstructured, in this technique, the
researcher has a number questions in mind, so the researcher could develop the questions during the interview was conducted. The researcher has a random list of
concepts or loose questions, which he or she converts into spontaneous questions during the interview Grix, 2004:128. The last type of interview is group
interviews or focus groups. In this type, interview was conducted in a group of people.
By considering all interview types above, the writer decided to use two types of interview, they are, structured interview and semi structured and
unstructured interview. The reasons of choosing those two types were the writer could take note and record the result of interview, and another reason was the
writer could develop the questions during the interview. The writer believed that by choosing those two types of interview, the writer could attain the maximum
data from the interviewee.
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D. Data Gathering Techniques
In this study, the writer designed the set of designing instructional materials based on Suggestopedia method for the fifth grade students in SD
Percobaan 3 Pakem. In order to design proper English instructional materials
based on Suggestopedia for fifth grade students in SD Percobaan 3 Pakem, the writer conducted the survey twice. The first survey was pre-design survey. In pre-
design survey, the writer distributed questionnaire to the fifth grade students and also conducted interview to one English teacher of SD Percobaan 3 Pakem. This
survey was conducted to know the needs, wants, and interest of the students. Therefore, the writer could design the material based on the results from the
questionnaire and interview. The second was post-design survey, it was conducted to evaluate the materials and it was conducted after designing the materials. Post-
design survey was needed in order to know whether the materials were appropriate or not. In post-design survey, the writer distributed post designed
questionnaire to the fifth grade English teacher of SD Percobaan 3 Pakem and the lecturers of English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma
University to acquire feedbacks, comments, and suggestion about the designed materials.
E. Data Analysis Technique
