Agricultural Conditions An Overview of Cianjur Regency
kg of rice. Average cost was equal to Rp 295.85 per kg of rice. Difference in the price offered was due to several things. Distance between rice millers to each
other, closer distance made more competitive price to attract consumers. Consumers faced, this was related to amount of rice produced. Mostly, middlemen
grind more grain than farmers. So, price faced by middlemen was relatively lower.
Second type was non-makloon type. This type used machine only for own business activity. Rice millers were not offered service to consumers. For this
type, farmers play role as supplier of input production. Then this rice millers processed grain into rice and its byproducts. Product offered by this type was
unlike product offered by the makloon type. Rice millers were not sell service as product offered but goods such as rice, broken rice, rice bran, and chaff. So, this
type obtained revenue from sale of rice and its byproducts. Real capacity was based on ability of rice miller in the grain procurement.
The last type is combination of two previous types in term of cost calculation, service fee, consumers, and revenue of rice miller. This type was not
only use the machine for own activity but also offer service to consumers. So, the rice millers obtained revenue from service fee and sale of the outputs produced.
The mill capacity of this type was based on the amount of grain which it belong to own and consumers.
Total rice millers of makloon and non-makloon were 53 units 56.38 percent and 14 units 14.89 percent respectively. The rest were combination of
previous types that was about 28.72 percent of total rice millers 27 units. Distribution of respondents by type of rice milling was shown on Table 7.
Table 7 Distribution of Respondents by Type of Rice Milling Type of Rice Milling
Number of Rice Milling unit
Percentage Makloon
53 56.38
Non-makloon 14
14.89 Combination
27 28.72
Total 94
100.00
This study described about gender, occupational status, and ownership of business as socioeconomic characteristics. Gender is the visible disparity between
male and female. It described gender of the owner of rice milling business. Occupational status described position of rice miller as job for owner. It means
rice miller can be either main or side job for owner. It measured by length of time spent in a day for owner. In this study, ownership of business described about
ownership status of place and machinery. The result showed that most of rice milling owner are male. It was about 90
95.74 percent of total respondents. Otherwise, total of female owner was only four respondents 4.26 percent. The occupational status of owner indicated that
70.21 percent of the respondent claimed rice miller as main job. The rest owners of rice miller 29.79 percent had other jobs beside rice milling business. The
other jobs were farmer, entrepreneur, teacher, and others. Mostly, rice milling businesses whether place and machinery were privately
owned. It was about 90 rice millers 95.74 percent. The rest were rent and collective. It was about 2.13 percents for each type. The socioeconomic
characteristics of rice miller can be seen on Table 8.
Table 8 Socioeconomic Characteristic of Sample Rice Milling Description
Number of Rice Milling
Percentage Gender
Male 90
95.74 Female
4 4.26
Occupational Status
Main Job 66
70.21 Side Job
28 29.79
Business Ownership
Type Private
90 95.74
Rent 2
2.13 Collective
2 2.13
Generally, rice millers had a similar function. Rice millers played role as unit that processed grain into rice. For farmers, rice millers played an important
role because in addition to hire services offered by rice millers, farmers can also sold grain produced. In study site, rice millers not only used machine for