General Characteristics of Rice Milling Industry

Related to the percentage of rice produced, greater percentage of rice then obtained smaller percentage of broken rice. This was due to broken rice was a byproduct resulted from the separation of rice with broken rice. Next byproduct of rice milling was rice bran. Distribution of rice miller separated by percentage of rice bran produced was illustrated on Figure 15. Figure 14 Distribution of Rice Miller Separated by Percentage of Rice Bran Produced Mostly, rent type rice millers were concentrated in the 15.00-20.00 percent range. There were 32 units rice miller. 18 units of rice miller which were have no information about percentage of output produced dominate this range. The rice millers had percentage by 16.06 percent. The rest were rent type rice millers that had been knows the percentage. There were eight units combination type and three units non-makloon type. All rice millers had percentage about 20.00 percent. Rice millers of rent type filled in the 10.00-15.00 percent range were 18 units. Seven units were non-makloon type rice miller. The rest were combination type. The three types in this range had percentage by 15.00 percent. Total rice millers in the 5.00-10.00 percent range were 13 units. This number was dominated by combination type about nine units. Six units had 3 18 32 1 7 3 2 1 9 9 8 1 13 34 43 2 2 F re q u en cy un it Percentage of Rice Bran Produced Range Makloon Non-makloon Combination Total percentage about ten percent and the rest were spread out in the range. Three units rent type were contained in this range and all units had different percentages. The rest were non-makloon type with the percentage about ten percent. In the 20.00-25.00 percent range, there was only two units non-makloon type with the percentage about 25.00 percent. While in the 25.00-30.00 range, there were a unit non-makloon type with the percentage about 28.00 percent and a unit combination type with the percentage about 30.00 percent. The last byproduct was chaff. Distribution of rice miller separated by percentage of chaff produced was depicted on Figure 16. Figure 15 Distribution of Rice Miller Separated by Percentage of Chaff Produced Figure 16 showed that all types of rice miller were concentrated in the 20.00-30.00 percent range. For rent type, 41 units were filled this range. This number was dominated by 18 units rice millers which were had no information about percentage of output produced with percentage about 21.67 percent. The rest had spread out percentage in this range. There were seven units non-makloon type, which in five units had percentage about 15.00 percent. While there were 18 units combination type filled this range. Seven units had percentage about 15.00 percent and the rest spread out in the range. 12 41 1 6 7 1 6 18 2 2 24 66 2 0.00-10.00 10.00-20.00 20.00-30.00 30.00-40.00 F re q u en cy un it Percentage of Chaff Produced Range Makloon Non-makloon Combination Total Total rice millers in the 10.00-20.00 percent range were 24 units. This number was dominated by rent type about 12 units. Seven units had percentage about 20.00 percents and the rest spread out in this range. Six units were non- makloon type and the rest were combination type. In 0.00-10.00 percent range, there was a unit non-makloon type with percentage by 8.75 percent and a unit combination type with percentage about four percent. In the highest range, 30.00-40.00 percent, there were only two units combination type with percentage about 30.32 and 36.96 percent. Based on the explanation above, information related to percentage of output produced was obtained for each rice miller. First, mostly, makloon type rice millers had percentage about 62.27 percent for rice, zero for broken rice, 16.06 percent for rice bran, and 21.67 percent for chaff. The four percentages were percentage owned by 18 units rice miller that did not had information about percentage of output produced. Hence, the rice millers used the average percentage of percentage owned by the other rice millers. Slightly different from makloon type rice miller, percentage of non-makloon type and combination type were more spread. Both types produced four products from rice milling. Thus, each rice miller from both types had information about percentage of the output produced.

6.2.2 Input Side

In addition to the output variables described above, the study also used input variables. It was including grain, working hour, and fuel. First, amount of grain used depends on percentage of output produced. It can be seen on the Appendix 2. While distribution of rice miller separated by working hour used was depicted on Figure 17. Figure 17 showed that majority of makloon type rice millers used machine a day in the 2.50-5.00 hours range. Total of makloon type in this range were 32 units. 14 units used machine about three hours, ten units about four hours, six units about five hours, and the rest about 3.50 hours. A unit non-makloon type in this range used machine about four hours. While rice millers of combination type in this range were six units. Three units used machine about four hours and the rest used machine about five hours. Figure 16 Distribution of Rice Miller Separated by Working Hour Used In the 0.00-2.50 hours range, there were only ten units of makloon type. Three units used machine for an hour and the rest used machine for two hours. In the 5.00-7.50 hours range, there were seven units makloon type rice miller. Five units used machine for six hours and the rest used machine for seven hours. Seven units non-makloon type filled this range. Three units used machine for six hours and the rest used machine for seven hour. Nine units combination type filled this range. Five units used machine for six hours and the rest used machine for seven hours. In the 7.50-10.00 hours range, there were 11 units combination type. All units used machine for eight hours. Four units makloon type filled this range. Four units makloon type were in this range, which in three units used machine for eight hours and the rest used machine for nine hours. In addition, there were six units non-makloon type and all use machine for eight hours. The highest range, 10.00- 12.50 hours, there was only one rice combination type which used for 11 hours. 10 32 7 4 1 7 6 6 9 11 1 10 39 23 21 1 F re q u en cy un it Working Hour Used Range hour Makloon Non-makloon Combination Total The other input variable used was fuel. Distribution of rice miller separated by fuel used was depicted on Figure 18. Figure 17 Distribution of Rice Miller Separated by Fuel Used Figure 18 showed that the most makloon type rice miller using fuel in the 0.00-15.00 liter range. There were 46 units makloon type in this range. Eight units used two liters of fuel, nine units used three liters of fuel, five units used four liters of fuel, ten units used five liters of fuel, five units used ten liters of fuel, and the rest used fuel with the other amount spread out in this range. In the 15.00-30.00 liter range, there were five units makloon type rice miller. Three units used 20.00 liter of fuel and the rest use 25 liter of fuel. There are nine units non-makloon type, which in five units use fuel about 30.00 liter. While the remaining number use fuel with the other amount spread out in this range. In the 30.00-45.00 liter range, there were six units combination type. Two units used fuel by 40.00 liter and the rest used fuel with the other amount scattered in this range. There were three units non-makloon type with different amount each other. In this range, there was only one makloon type which uses 32 liters of fuel. In the range 45.00-60.00 liter range, there were only three rice millers of combination type. Two units used 50.00 liter of fuel and the rest used 60.00 liter of fuel. In the 60.00-75.00 liter range, there was a unit of rent and combination 46 5 1 1 2 9 3 7 9 6 3 1 1 55 23 10 3 2 1 F re q u en cy un it Fuel Used Range liter Makloon Non-makloon Combination Total