Administratively, it consists of 32 sub-districts, six urban villages and 342 villages. The administrative boundaries as follows:
North side : bordered by Bogor Region and Purwakarta Region West side : bordered by Sukabumi Region
South side : bordered by Indonesian Ocean East side
: bordered by Bandung Region and Garut Region Geographically, Cianjur is divided into three regions of development. These
regions include the northern development area, the central development area, and the southern development area.
The Northern Development Region, consist of 16 sub-district. Sub-districts that included in this region are Cianjur, Cilaku, Warungkondang, Gekbrong,
Cibeber, Karangtengah,
Sukaluyu, Ciranjang,
Bojongpicung, Mande,
Cikalongkulon, Cugenang, Sukaresmi, Cipanas, Pacet dan Haurwangi. This area is a plateau that is located at the foot of Gunung Gede. Most of this area is a
mountainous plateau and some others are plantation for paddy fields The Central Development Region, consist of nine sub-districts. There are
Sukanagara, Takokak, Campaka, Campaka Mulya, Tanggeung, Pagelaran, Leles, Cijati dan Kadupandak. This area is a hilly area with unstable soil structure so
frequent of landslides, the other land are used for plantations, fields, and paddy fields.
The Southern Development Region, consist of seven sub-districts. There are Cibinong, Agrabinta, Sindangbarang, Cidaun , Naringgul, Cikadu dan Pasirkuda.
This is a lowland area, but there are small hills interspersed by mountains up to the Indian Ocean littoral. Similar to the central, this area is also has unstable soil
structure which causing frequent landslides. It is also found in the area plantations, fields, and paddy fields but not so wide.
Cianjur Regency has a tropical climate with an average rainfall per year is 1,000 to 4,000 mm and the average number of rainy days is 150 per year. With a
tropical climate, it makes natural conditions Cianjur fertile and contains a diversity of potential natural resource. Agricultural lands and horticultural crops,
livestock, fisheries and plantations are the source of community life.
5.1.2 Demography
Based on the census conducted in 2010, the total population of Cianjur Regency is 2,170,159 inhabitants consisting of 1,121,997 men and 1,048,162
women Central Bureau of Statistics of Cianjur Regency, 2010. The population density in this year was 620 inhabitants per square kilometers. While the
population distribution by area is as much as 60.68 percent in the northern area and the rest are in central and southern areas.
Most of the inhabitant’s occupations are in agriculture, which is about 43.45 percent. Then followed successively is by the trade, processing industry, other
sectors, and public services with respectively percentages of 21.43 percent, 15.57 percent, 11.81 percent, and 7.74 percent. It can be seen in Figure 10.
Figure 10 Percentage of Inhabitants Aged 15 Years and Over by Type of Main Business Field
5.1.3 Agricultural Conditions
Cianjur is one of the 17 regencies of West Java Province. In 2011, the regency ranks as the fifth largest producer of paddy in West Java province. Based
on Table 1.4, Cianjur produce as much as 862,229.00 ton of paddy. Meanwhile, most production occurs in Indramayu region, with total production is
1,358,441.00 tons. However, the Ciamis Regency owns the highest productivity 43.45
15.57 21.43
7.74 11.81
Agriculture Industry Processing
Trade Public Services
Other Sectors
equal to 61.80 quintal per hectare. Cianjur only has the productivity of 54.15 quintal per hectare with a harvest area of 159,229.00 hectare.
As an agricultural area, which construction relies on agriculture, Cianjur regency is one of area which self-sufficiency in paddy. Total paddy production of
Cianjur is about 625,000 per year. That amount has been reduced from local consumption and seed, paddy surplus was gained about 40 percent. Production of
paddy found in almost all sub-districts in Cianjur except Pacet and Sukanagara. Both sub-districts dominated by vegetables and ornamental plants.
The research area is located in the Gekbrong and Warungkondang. Both sub-districts are located in the northern region. As mentioned earlier, most of the
region is the mountain plateau and some others a paddy field.
5.2 Characteristics of Research Locations
5.2.1 Gekbrong Sub-District
Gekbrong has an area of 4,788.87 hectares. It consists of eight villages, namely Cikancana, Cintaasih, Sukaratu, Bangbayang, Songgom, Cikahuripan,
Gekbrong, dan Kebonpeuteuy. Administratively, area of Gekbrong bordering on a few sub-districts and regencies as follow:
North side : bordered by Warungkondang sub-district South side : bordered by Cibeber sub-district and Sukabumi regency
West side : bordered by Sukabumi sub-districtregency East side
: bordered by Cibeber sub-district and Warungkondang sub- district
Mostly, Gekbrong is a dry land covering 3512.67 hectares 73.36 percent whereas wetland only covering 1276.20 hectares 26.64 percent. Water needs in
the district are satisfied and fulfilled for the implementation of farming. Therefore, the paddy fields in the sub-district can be planted for all seasons, both
dry and rain seasons. The harvest area of all villages in Gekbrong can be seen on Table 3.
Table 3 Harvest Area and Type of Irrigation of All Villages in Gekbrong Sub- District in 2010 Ha
No Village
Harvest Area and Type of Irrigation Ha Technical
Irrigation Semi
Technical Irrigation
Rural Irrigation
Rain- fed
Total 1
Cikancana 0.00
65.00 108.78
4.00 177.78
2 Cintaasih
0.00 75.81
9.15 22.49 107.45
3 Sukaratu
0.00 0.00
200.00 4.00
204.00 4
Bangbayang 0.00
0.00 218.17
0.00 218.17
5 Songgom
0.00 50.00
163.40 0.00
213.40 6
Cikahuripan 0.00
0.00 150.30
3.10 153.40
7 Gekbrong
0.00 0.00
61.00 0.00
61.00 8
Kebonpeuteuy 0.00
0.00 141.00
0.00 141.00
Total 0.00
190.81 1,051.80 33.59 1,276.20
Source: Balai Pengembangan Budidaya Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura, 2012
Based on the Table 3, most of the villages in Gekbrong use rural irrigation. Total land area that used this type of irrigation is 1051.8 hectare 82.42 percent.
While the types of semi-technical irrigation and rain-fed respectively covering a land area of 190.81 hectare 14.95 percent and 33.59 hectare 2.63 percent.
Meanwhile, total area of dry land and its uses presented in Table 4.
Table 4 Dry-land Area and Its Uses in 2010 Ha
No Village
Dry-land Area and Its Uses Ha 1
2 3
4 5
6 Total
1 Cikancana
86.76 6.00
0.80 10.00
10.00 3.00
116.56 2
Cintaasih 323.17 149.50
5.00 200.00
129.46 151.10
958.23 3
Sukaratu 28.00 174.81
5.00 440.41
50.00 20.00
718.22 4
Bangbayang 42.00
0.00 10.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
52.00 5
Songgom 128.85
2.50 2.50
0.00 0.00
0.00 133.85
6 Cikahuripan
22.31 105.78 2.00
40.00 0.00
36.00 206.09
7 Gekbrong
27.50 75.00
0.80 2.00
14.00 15.00
134.30 8
Kebonpeuteuy 54.70 132.90
4.00 839.22
79.50 83.10
1,193.42 Jumlah
713.29 646.49 30.10 1,531.63 282.96
308.20 3,512.67
Source: Balai Pengembangan Budidaya Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura, 2012
