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The English sentence uses past progressive which is marked by the use of past be ’was’ and progressive verb ’saying’. Past progressive means that the
activity began before and was in progress at a particular time in the past. The word ’tadi’ is Indonesian adverb of time that indicates past time. In other words,
the translation is equivalence.
4.2.4.2 Non Past
Non past consists of present and future activities. Present tenses express events or situations that exist always. They use first form of verbs that when they follow
singular subject, suffix –s -es will be added. 58 a. ”Dawlish believes an entire party of Aurors will be used to transfer
the boy—” S.68 b.”Dawlish menduga serombongan Auror akan digunakan untuk
memindahkan anak itu---” S.68 Because it follows singular subject, Dawlish, the verb ’believe’ is written
in ’believes’ to indicate that it is present. The word ’menduga’ is used to translate it. ’Will’ is English modal that used to indicate future. Temporal determiner
’akan’ is used as the equivalence of ’will’. 59 a.”I don’t know what you mean, my lord.” S.166
b. ”Saya tak tahu apa yang Anda maksudkan, Yang Mulia.” S.168 ’Do’ is an English auxiliary verb. When it is followed by the word ’not’
and first form of verb, such as in ’don’t know’, it shows negative verb. The translation is tak tahu with tak as the equivalence of ’no’ or ’not’. The choice of
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word ’maksudkan’ to translate first form of verb mean shows that it uses present tense.
60 a. ”I’m talking about your niece, Bellatrix. S.167 b. ”Aku bicara soal keponakanmu, Bellatrix. S.169
The verb phrase ’am talking’ is present progressive. Present progressive means that an activity is in progress at the moment of speaking. The word ’bicara’
is used to translate it without the use of temporal determiner ’sedang’ that shows progressive. But it has achieved the equivalence because the words ’sedang
bicara’ and ’bicara’ have the same meaning. The elimination of temporal determiner ’sedang’ doesn’t change the message.
61 a. ”Will the Ministry have fallen by next Saturday?” S.75 b. ”Akankah Kementrian sudah jatuh sebelum hari Sabtu?” S.75
Verb phrase ’will have fallen’ in English sentence above indicates future perfect. It gives the idea that an activity will be completed before another time or
event in the future. The use of temporal determiner ’akan’ as future and ’sudah’ as perfect shows that the Indonesian sentence gives the same and complete message.
4.2.5 Voice
