The writer holds the classroom research at SMA N 10 Semarang. It is located in Jl. Kapas Utara Raya Genuk Indah, Semarang. The writer
chooses the second grade of SMA N 10 Semarang. There are seven classes on the average, each class has 40 students.
The writer chose them as the subject of the study based on some reasons, they are; the students are all in the same grade, the students had been
studying English for some periods of time, the students are studying narrative text at the same time as the writer does an experiment at school.
In this case, the subjects of the study of the research are the tenth grade students of SMA N 10 Semarang, in the academic year of 20062007.
The researcher got the data from the registration office that showed there are 280 students.
3.3 Choice of Population and Sample
3.3.1 Population
Population is people or other things discussed in the research Suharsimi, 2002: 108. Furthermore, she state that that population is the
total number of the subjects of an investigation 1996: 102. According to Hannagan in Selinger 1988:431, population is a
group of people or items about which information is being collected. In a word, population is a number of groups interest to the
researcher, a number of group, which she or he would like to find out
results of the study be reports. In this case, the subject of the research was the tenth grade student
of SMA N 10 Semarang in the academic year of 20062007. The researcher got the data from the registration office showing that there are
280 students of the eleventh grade students of SMA N 10 Semarang. Table 3.1
The population of the research
Class Number X 1
X 2 X 3
X 4 X 5
X 6 X 7
40 40
40 40
40 40
40
Based on the table above, the population in this study is all of the tenth grade students of SMU N 10 Semarang, which consists of 280
students.
3.3.2 Technique of Sampling
Suharsimi says that a sample is a small group that is observed and a
population is defined as all members of any well-defined class of people, events or subjects. Thus, sample is a part of population that is observed
2002: 108. According to Sax 1979 a sample is a limited number of elements
selected from a population to represent the population. It means that it requires that all relevant characteristics of the population should be known.
Suharsimi 1989:103 also states that a sample is a set of some, not all of the observation or other things.
But on the other hand, Best 1981: 8 says that a sample is a small proportion of a number of populations selected for observation and
analysis. In a word, sample is a limited number of elements from a
proportion a number of populations to represent population. According to Gay 1987:104 random sampling is the process of
selecting a sample in such a way that all individuals in the defined population have an equal and independent chance of being selected for the
sample. In other words, every sample has the same probability of being selected and selection of one individual will not affect selection of another
individual. Furthermore, he says:
In general, random sampling involves defining the population, identifying each member of the population, and selecting individuals
for the sample on completely chance basis. One way to do this is to write each individual’s name on a separate slip of paper, place all
the slips from the container until the desired number of individuals is selected 1987: 104.
The writer will choose one class of the students from the whole class as sample in this study. Gay 1987:98 states that study needs 30 students
for each experimental group as a sample can already represent for the whole population of the study. Therefore, the writer will select 40 students
in her research.
3.4 Instrument of the Study
