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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Place and Time of the Research
This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 10 Tangerang Selatan which is located at Jl. Tegal Rotan, Sektor 9, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, on the first
semester. The school had 720 students divided into 21 classes. There were 7 classes for the tenth grade, 7 classes for the eleventh grade and 7 classes for the
twelfth grade, but the research was only conducted to two classes of the tenth grade students. The research was conducted for three weeks. It began on August
30
th
2015 and ended on October 23
rd
2015.
B. Research Design
In this research, quantitative research was used. According to Creswell, in quantitative research there are three design; experimental, correlation and survey.
1
The experimental design was chosen in this research. Experiment is a procedure for testing a hypothesis by setting up a situation in which the strength of the
relationship between variables can be tested.
2
Also, it established possible cause- effect between independent and dependent variables.
3
Specifically, this research used Quasi-Experiment Design. It was because the research was conducted to two classes, experimental and controlled class,
which was not randomly assigned.
4
Quasi-Experiment Design is one of approaches of a research that uses two groups; those are experimental class and
control class. Hadeli stated that quasi-experiment is used because the researcher wants to know the students’ achievement difference by using “new” method rather
than the mostly teaching method used by the teacher. Precisely, the quasi-
1
John W. Creswell, Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Reasearch
– International Edition, Boston: Pearson, 2008, p. 60.
2
David Nunan, Research Method in Language Learning, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992, pp. 24
– 25.
3
John W. Creswell, op.cit., p. 299.
4
John W. Creswell, Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches 3
rd
Edition, California: Sage Publications, Inc., 2009, p. 158.
experiment uses two groups in which experimental group as a group that is given a treatment and the controlled group that is not given a treatment in order to know
difference between the “new” method and the mostly teaching method.
5
The following is the design of the research: Pattern:
Group Pretest
Treatment Posttest
E O
1
X O
2
C O
3
- O
4
In which: E
= Experiment Class C
= Controlled Class O
1
= Pretest Experiment Class O
2
= Posttest Experiment Class O
3
= Pretest Controlled Class O
4
= Posttest Controlled Class X
= Using Treatment
This research was done to the students from two classes that have the same level. They were given different teaching approaches. Each class consisted of 38
students. The first class which was as experimental class was given reading comprehension of narrative text by using Directed Reading
– Thinking Activity DR-TA strategy; DR-TA strategy was the treatment
or “new” method. At the same time, the second class
– controlled class – was given reading comprehension of narrative text by the method which was mostly used by the teacher to teach
reading. This research was focused on giving treatment to the experimental class by
applying DR-TA strategy to measure students’ achievement and to find out the
influence of DR-TA strategy on students’ reading comprehension of narrative
text. Then, the results from reading test were calculated.
5
Hadeli, Metode Penelitian Kependidikan, Ciputat: Quantum Teaching, 2006, p. 62.
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