C. Population and Sample
The population of the research was the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 10 Kota Tangerang Selatan. There were 7 classes of the tenth grade. The total
number of students or population was 266 students. Meanwhile, the sampling technique used for this research was purposive
sampling because this research took the sample with any consideration. This research was conducted to X.5 class as the experimental class and X.6 class as the
controlled class because of the suggestion of the English teacher in that school. The teacher said that the two classes had the same level, and they were
appropriate to be the sample of the research. In other words, purposive sampling was used because both classes were considered as knowledgeable and informative
so that those classes were able to be the sample of this research. This research was conducted to those two classes in order to see whether the given treatment in
experimental class gives influence on students’ reading comprehension of
narrative text or not.
D. Instrument of the Research
The instrument of this research was a reading test of English consisted of 40 multiple choice questions taken from some books of English for the tenth
grade students of senior high school. The test that will be given to the students in experimental and controlled class must be valid and reliable so that the 40
questions had been tested first to the students from other class in order to measure the test
’s validity and reliability by using AnatestV4. From the ANAVA result, only 25 questions were chosen divided into 3 difficult questions, 1 easy question
and 21 intermediate questions because those were valid and reliable questions for further explanation can be seen on appendices.
E. Data Collection Technique
In collecting the data, pretest and posttest consisting of 25 questions in multiple choice forms were given to the students. This type was chosen because it
was common test model which is usually used by many researchers in conducting
their research especially in a school. This type was also chosen because narrative text questions are usually formed in multiple choices. Both experimental class and
controlled class were given the pretest and the posttest. The pretest was given to see the students’ capability in their reading skill before using DR-TA strategy.
The posttest was given to measure which class had better scores.
F. Data Analysis Technique
After the data of the pretest and the posttest scores were collected, the data then were analyzed by using statistic calculation of t-test formula in manual
calculation and software calculation using SPSS Statistic Product and Statistic Solution version 22. The t-test was used to test the hypothesis. Before calculating
t-test, normality and homogeneity tests were done first.
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1. Normality test
Normality test is performed to show whether the data from the sample is normal or not, the data are both pretest and posttest result taken from experimental
and controlled class. If the normality of the data is more than the level of significance
α 0.05, scores are normally distributed. The normality test is performed by using Kolmogrov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk gained as follows:
Analyze → Descriptive Statistics → Explore. Insert PretestPosttest in Dependent List and Class in Factor List. Click Plots and Checklist Normality plots with tests
→ Continue → OK. This is the example of the data using SPSS:
Tests of Normality
Class Kolmogorov-Smirnov
a
Shapiro-Wilk Statistic
df Sig.
Statistic Df
Sig. Pretest
Experimental .110
38 .200
.969 38
.363 Controlled
.133 38
.089 .975
38 .537
. This is a lower bound of the true significance. a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
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Budi Susetyo, Statistika untuk Analisis Data Penelitian, Bandung: PT. Refika Aditama, 2010, pp. 137
– 138.
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