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solve problems raised in teaching-learning processes. Kemmis and McTaggart 1988 say th
at action research is “a form of collective self-reflective enquiry undertaken by participants in social situations in order to improve the rationality
and justice of their own social or educational practices” p. 5. Mills 2011 adds that the information gathered from the action research aims to gain insight, to
develop reflective practice, to achieve positive changes in the school environment, and to improve students‟ outcomes p. 5. In this research, CAR is research which
is conducted by the researcher to develop the writing skills of the X AK students of SMK Sanjaya Pakem in constructing compound sentences through the cycle of
planning, action, observation, and reflection.
4. Jumbled-Word Game
A jumbled-word game is one of grammar games. In this game, the students have to arrange jumbled-words into correct orders. Harmer 2007
mentions some of examples of grammar games as follows. a. Asking the Right Question
In this game, there is a pile of cards between two students in which each card consists of a word or phrase, and the card is face down. The student A pick
up the first card and has to ask the student B question until heshe give exactly the answer that is written on the card.
b. Putting Sentences Back Together Again In this game, there are sentences with the words in the wrong order, e.g.
bananas don‟t eating I like for I don‟t like eating bananas. The students
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have to rearrange the sentence and written down on a piece of paper what they think it should be.
c. Answering One Question Behind This game is based on the simple idea that the students should answer not
the question they are being asked now, but the previous question pp. 223-224. The jumbled-word game can be defined as putting sentences back together
again since the rule is similar. In addition, Grambs and Carr 1991 reveal that the technique games is essential, not only for learning skills, but also in helping
children to work together as members of a group p. 178. In this research, the jumbled-word game is the learning methodtechnique to learn English grammar
used in constructing English sentences.
5. X AK Students in SMK Sanjaya Pakem
SMK Sanjaya Pakem is one of vocational high schools which is located in Pakem, Sleman. Mostly, the students are from the surrounding area. In addition,
there are some students who come from outside Yogyakarta. Moreover, the X AK accounting is the class in SMK Sanjaya Pakem which consists of 20 students.
