CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents and discusses the background of study, statement of the problem, the scope and limitation of the study, the objective of study,
significance of the study, and definition of key term.
G. The Background of Study
In the globalization era, English is increasingly needed because it is one of the International languages mostly used in the world. By utilizing English, people
have created closer relationship with the whole world population. English has significant role in various fields such as in International trade, science and
technology, education and so on. The fierce competition in International trade markets has seen an increase
in foreign language programs designed specifically for business people. Some Indonesian firms which deal with speaking countries now employ their own
instructors of English as a foreign language. Indonesian entrepreneurs must not only understand the language of the market place, they must be familiar with the
culture, and they must understand which strategies will win or lose business in the foreign market. Various careers are now opening up for people trained in business
and speaking more than one language: technical translators of business letters and manuals; interpreters; overseas salesmen; bilingual secretaries and receptionist;
consultant; advertising; copy writers; and tour guides. Therefore, mastering English become a substantial role for International trade and International
communication among their trading partners. Understanding English is needed to absorb science and technology coming
from abroad. The improvement of technology can be seen in internet, mobile phone, television. We need English to get the information in this modern era. For
instance, teleconference can transmit voice and image to facilitate long distance face-to-face communication. English is useful to get the main idea in
communication by using teleconference among nations.
More over, English has also the important role for the improvement in educational aspect. English is the window of knowledge because people who
mastering English can access the universal knowledge from English written texts. It happens because most of textbooks and other information sources are written in
English. For example in medicine field, most of the text book written in English, so that English is needed to understand the content of the book. Besides,
knowledge of new discoveries and inventions in one country is transmitted to other countries through English for the benefit of the world. In this way, English
helps to spread knowledge and progress. Realizing how important English for the progress of our country, the
government, by the issuance of the decree of Minister of Education and Culture No. 0961967, has stipulated that English becomes the first foreign language and
compulsory subject that should be taught formally to all Indonesia students starting from Junior High School up to University level.
1
English becomes the first foreign language in Indonesia that is considered very important and must be learnt in schools. 1994 GBPP of MTs: English is the
first foreign language in Indonesia which is considered very crucial for the purpose of science development and absorption of technology, culture, and
construction of relation with other nations.
2
Teaching-learning process consists of three parts. They are planning, process and evaluation. The well prepared planning will influence the successful
of teaching learning process. Therefore planning and process are not enough in teaching learning process, so that evaluation is needed to find out the effectiveness
or the failure of a method, and also student’s achievement in mastering the lesson. It is also important for students to know how far they have understood the
material that the teachers have already taught. The three parts can not be separated each others. Every part has correlation to reach the goal of education.
1
Departement Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI, Keputusan Menteri: No. 0961967, “Bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing pertama di Indonesia dan mata pelajaran wajib untuk
SLTP sampai perguruan tinggi”.
2
Depag RI, GBPP Bahasa Inggris MTs, Jakarta: Depag RI, 1993, p.2.
In educational side, one of the most important aspects of teaching learning process is evaluation. To measure their student’s skills in the teaching-learning
process, the teachers need to hold an evaluation. It is intended to know about the successful and effectiveness strength and weakness of teaching activities. It is
integral part of the instructional program. It should be arranged systematically and related to the curriculum so that we can get obvious and comprehensive analysis
of the student’s achievements. By having an evaluation, the improvement in the next lesson planning can be upgrade. So, the teaching-learning process will run
effectively without any overlapping. Actually, one form of evaluation is a test. Making a good test needs careful
arrangements. Test as an instrument should have a good quality, because the quality of the test will influence the result of the test. If the test is good, the result
will provide the right information to be used by the teacher in making accurate decision to the student’s achievement. That is to say, the test must be appropriate
in terms of the objectives, dependable in the evidence it provides and applicable to out particular situation.
In the reality, when the teachers do an evaluation, they find some problems. And one of them is some of their students get low scores. We can
assume that it is happened because the test items didn’t contain one of the characteristic of a good test or the test items didn’t in line with the curriculum or
maybe the teachers didn’t delivery the material to the students completely. Based on the description given above, the writer is interested in analyzing
the Content Validity of English Summative Test Items at Even Semester of the Second Grade Students at MTs. Pembangunan, UIN Jakarta.
H. Statement of the Problem
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