Subtitling Types of Subtitling

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1. Subtitling

According to Baker and Saldanha, subtitling is counted as the audiovisual translation. They divide translation into four types; literary translation, audiovisual translation, scientific translation and technical translation.http:books.google.co.idbooksaboutRoutledge_Encyclopedia_of_Trans lation_St.htmlid=eXsDckV5GuMCredir_esc=y Accessed on January 10 th 2014 Literary translation is the translation of the literary works.Scientific translation is the translation of the terms in the field of science and technology of all kinds. Technical translation is a type of specialized translation involving the translation of documents produced by technical writers owner´s manuals, user’s guides, etc.. Audiovisual is the translation of any material in audio, visual or audiovisual format. The four major aspects that are included in this section are subtitling, dubbing, software localization and multimedia, and audio description Luyken, 1991:153–165. Subtitle as a branch of audiovisual translation is textual versions of the dialog or commentary in films, television programs, video games, usually displayed at the bottom of the screen.They can either be a form of written translation of a dialog in a foreign language, or a written rendering of the dialog in the same language, with or without additional information to help viewers who are deaf and hard-of-hearing to follow the dialog, or people who cannot understand the spoken dialogue or the problems of accent recognition. 7

2.2. Types of Subtitling

Gottlieb quoted by Baker, 1992:247 distinguishes subtitling into two types; intralingual subtitling and interlingual subtitling. Intralingual subtitling is a vertical, in the sense that involves taking speech down in writing, changing mode but not language. This includes • Subtitling of domestic programmes for the deaf and the hard of hearing • Subtitling of foreign-language programmes for the language learners. Interlingual subtitling is a diagonal, in the sense that the subtitler crosses over from speech in one language to writing in another, thus there is the changing in mode and the language.

2.3. Subtitle Rules