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when they speak. To make a successful communication happens, the speakers need to be able to deliver clear message for listeners. In speaking, teaching pronunciation
including stress, rhythm, and intonation is very important. 2
Fluency As proposed by Harris and Hodges 1995:14, fluency is an ability to speak
quickly and automatically. 3
Accuracy Accuracy is an ability to produce sentences or utterance with correct grammar
as stated in Longman Dictionary 2002:204. The speakers need to follow the rules of the language such as grammar and structure to be able to speak accurately.
4 Vocabulary
Based on Longman Dictionary 2002:580, vocabulary is a set of lexemes, consisting single words, compound words, and idioms that are typically used when
talking something. To be able to speak fluently and accurately, speaker of foreign language should master enough vocabulary and has capability to use it accurately.
e. Classroom Speaking Activities
Teaching speaking should be taught in attractive and communicative activities. There are many types of classroom speaking activities. Harmer 2001: 348-
352 states six classroom speaking activities. Those can be seen below. 1
Acting from script In acting from script, the students will be very helped if they are given time to
practice their dialogues before the performance.
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2 Communication games
Games are designed to stimulate communication between students. The games are made based on the principle of the information gap so that one student has to talk
to a partner in order to solve a puzzle, draw a picture, put a thing in the right order, or find similarities and differences between pictures.
3 Discussion
Discussion is probably the most commonly used activity in the oral skill class. In discussions the students are allowed to express their opinions.
4 Prepared talks
Students make a presentation on a topic of their own choice. Such talks are not designed for informal spontaneous conversations because they are prepared and
more ‘writing like’. However, if possible students should speak from notes rather than from a script.
5 Questionnaires
Questionnaires are very useful because they make sure that both questioner and respondent have something to say to each other. Students can design
questionnaires on any topic that is appropriate. As they do, so the teacher can act as a resource, helping them in the design process. The results obtained from
questionnaires then can be formed as the basis for written work, discussions, or prepared talks.
