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E. Research Instruments and Data Gatherings
According to Ary et al. 2010, p. 424, in qualitative studies, the human investigator is the primary instrument for the gathering and analyzing of data. In
order to assist the research instrument, the researcher used human as the main instrument in analyzing the data. The researcher needed an flexible instrument to
capture the complexity of the human experience, an instrument capable of adapting and responding to the environment. It was believed that only a human
instrument who was capable of this task. In this type, the researcher needed a flexible instrument in order to capture the complexity of the human experience
Ary at al., 2010, p. 424. In order to get the data from participants, the researcher used two tools, interview and the Internship Program Course reflections to get the
data.
1. Interview
The interview was used to gather the data from people about opinions of something, beliefs, and feelings about situations in their own words. It was used to
understand the experiences people have and the meaning they make of them rather than to test hypotheses Ary at al., 2010, p. 438. In conducting the interview, the
researcher needed to make a list of the questions which were related to the research needs. Furthermore, in designing the questions, the researcher used
supporting theories which were written, theory of motivation and experience in chapter two. The interview was held in semi or partially structured interview.
Since in this interview, the researcher might modify the questions during the
26 interview. The nature of the questions was open-ended. The open-ended questions
were expected to make participants give depth-answer about their experiences.
2. The Participants’ Reflection on the Internship Program Course
The Internship Program Course requires final report for each pre-service teacher. In the report, there was a reflection about what they had done in the
Internship Program Course. The researcher used the participants’ Internship
Program Course reflection in the final report to get extra information about their activities and experience at school. The reflection was also used to triangulate the
findings in the interviews.
F. Data Analysis Techniques
Before analyzing the data, the researcher transcribed the interview from the five participants. The researcher used some steps to transcribe the data. The
steps are: 1.
Transcribing all words which came up during the interview. 2.
Erasing unimportant words which had no relation to the topic and overlapping statements.
3. Putting the data collection in a bracelet and then designing textual description
based on participant s’ experiences which are in the data.
4. Next, deciding the findings which were answered the research question.
5. The last, the researcher concluded the findings
After achieving the finding, the researcher analyzed the reflection in the Internship Program Course final report from the participants. The reflections were