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c. Student’s English Learning Achievement in Indonesia
English achievement is learner’s ability to use the target language.
14
Similarly, Thornburry stated that English achievement is what learner has learned about target language
– English, over a week, months, term or entire course. Moreover, English achievement is how much a foreign language that students
know.
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Students have to struggle through a course or learning experience of some sort to achieve a certain amount of control of the language.
Beside those definitions, Huebener said that English achievement is the skills and the knowledge the pupils have acquired in each of the various phases of
the language learning.
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Concluding some definitions about the English achievement, it is the students
’ ability, skill, knowledge in English which they have acquired in particular time. In education, achievement is sign by scores,
which may be taken from average of daily scores and final test where the test is used to measure the achievement and it is usually called achievement test.
In indonesia , students’ achievement has been describe at the rules of the
minister of National Education-Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional- Permendiknas No. 22, 2007, about Education Assessment Standard- Standar
Penilaian Pendidikan . It is explained at section 1 point 1: “Assessment of learning
outcomes of students in primary and secondary education implemented based on the educational assessment standard that is
applied nationally.” To fulfill Education Assessment Standard, the students should reach the
objectives of study from Based Competence-Kompetensi Dasar KD which is developed from Standard of Competence-Standar Kompetensi SK. In English
subject, SK and KD cover the attainment of four skills; listening, speaking, reading and writing as written on School-based Curriculum-Kurikulum Tingkat
Satuan Pendidikan KTSP. As the aims of English subject in Indonesia, student at secondary level are expected to have capabilities as described below:
14
Geof Brindley, Language Testing in the 1990s: The Communicative Legacy, ed. J. Charles Alderson and Brian North, Hertfordshire: Macmillan, 1995, p. 154.
15
Robert Lado, Language Testing: The Construction and Use of Foreign Language Tests, 9
th
Ed., London: Longman, 1977 p. 369.
16
Theodore Huebener, How to Teach Foreign Language Effectively, 2
nd
Edition, New York: New York University Press, 1969, p, 213.
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1 To develop oral and written communicative competence to attain literacy functional level;
2 To have awareness of the nature and the importance of English to improve the nation’s competitiveness in the global community;
3 To develop students’ understanding of the interrelationship between nations
and cultures. Student „achievement reflects the attainment of KD. It can be measured by
achievement test. Achievement test is “any test of acquired ability or skill, a typical example being a test of scholastic attainment.” It measure what a pupil has
learned. Achievement testing plays major important role in the school program because it will show what the students have achieved at the past. The primary goal
of achievement test is to find out the student’ past learning. Hence, it reflects past
progress of the student. The result of the achievement test should pass the Criteria of Minimum
Learning Mastery-Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimum KKM. It is used by the education unit as the standard of Graduated Competence-Standard Kompetensi
Lulusan SKL. Based on KTSP, every education unit or school has to determine their own KKM. In SMP Ibu Pertiwi, for instance, the score of KKM is 65 sixty
five. If the score of the students are under 65, they can take remedial test. Moreover, the
students’ achievement can be seen from the result of the achievement test administrated by the teacher during the learning process. The
result is usually written in the student’s report card. The score in the student’s report card is the calculation of daily, middle and final test. Therefore, to know
English achievement of the students at eighth grade SMP Ibu Pertiwi, the writer used the score of English subject that is in student’s report card.
d. Factors Affecting S
tudent’s Achievement
There are a lot of factors that influence the achievement of student. Some factors that influence the student’s achievement are:
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