This is a rather amorphous term, but in general terms it can be used where something cannot be translated from source to target language, and the meaning
that is lost in the immediate translation is expressed somewhere else in the TT. Fawcett defines it as: ...making good in one part of the text something that could
not be translated in another. If you want to read more, look at Fawcett 1997:31- 33.
Example : SL :
If your ass is weak, you’ll pay with your knees. TL : Jika kamu tidak sanggup, bayar dengan harga.
2.5 Idiom
According to many linguists, a group of words which has a fixed structure, indivisible meaning, and can appear in speech like a word is called an idiom.
Therefore, idioms can be distinguished by their grammatical and semantic features. They are frequently used in a wide variety of situations, from friendly
conversations and business meetings to more formal and written contexts. According to Longman Pocket Dictionary: 2001, an idiom is a group of words
which has, as a whole, a different meaning from the meaning of its constituents. Acccording to the researcher, idiom is special expression consist of a series of
word or phrase in English which has different meaning in literaly or word-for- word.
In other words, the meaning of the idiomatic expression is not the sum of the words taken individually. According to Langacher 1968:79, “an idiom is a
kind of complex lexical item. It is a phrase whose meaning cannot be predicted from the meanings of the morphemes it
comprises”. This definition shows two basic characteristics of the idiom, it is a complex
lexical item, and its meaning cannot be inferred from its parts. Accordingly, an idiom is learned and used as a single unit. It should not be analyzed into its
constituents; it is unchangeable and always carries a figurative meaning. Ball 1968:1 finds that an adequate definition of an idiom is “the use of familiar words
in an unfamiliar sense”.
Palmer 1996: 80, on the other hand, st ates that “an idiom is semantically
like a single word, it doesn‟t function like one. A large number of idioms contain a verb and a noun, but although the verb may be placed in the past tense, the
number of the noun can never be changed”, for instance, the expressions “kick the bucket” and “kicked the bucket” someone who dies are largely used in English,
in contrast to “kick the buckets” which never occurs.
2.6 Types of Idiom
