c. Omission of “-ful”
This table shows the samples of omission of “ing”.
Error Sentences Reconstruction
30 The waterfall was really
beauty The waterfall was really beautiful.
Related to the sample above, the students omitted “ful” in the adjective. It is not correct form because there must be certain with “ful” before the adjective. I think
this error occurs because of the students’ lack of knowledge of the form of adjective. Therefore, the students do not know how to put the proper form of adjective well.
2 Misformation Errors
Misformation errors are characterized by the use of the unacceptable forms of the morphemes or structure. While in omission errors the item is not supplied at
all. In misformation errors the learner supplies something, although it is incorrect a.
Misformation of “ed” This table shows the samples of misformation of “ed”.
Error Sentences Reconstruction
31 During holiday, I was
boring just stayed at home. During holiday, I was bored just
stayed at home 32
We were really tiring We were really tired.
The Error Sentence become grammatically incorrect because the students put the wrong form of the adjective, it is “boring”, it must be “bored”, and “tiring, it
must be “tired”. This error might occur because the students do not understand well about how to use adjective in a sentence.
4.1.3 Kinds of Error in Using Adverb
1 Misformation Errors
a. Misformation of adverb
Misformation errors are characterized by the use of the unacceptable forms of the morphemes or structure. While in omission errors the item is not supplied at all.
In misformation errors the learner supplies something, although it is incorrect. This table shows the samples of misformation of “ly”
Error Sentences Reconstruction
33 I couldn’t celebrate
Christmas with happy.
I couldn’t celebrate Christmas
happily
34 We practice very strong We practice hard
From the Error Sentence, we know that the type of error is misformation. Misformation occurs because the students used the wrong form, it is “with happy”, it
must be “happily” and “very strong” it must be “hard”. I think that the students do not know the use of adverb well.
4.1.4 Kinds of Error in Using Article
1 Omission Errors
Omission errors are characterized by the absence of items that must be present in a well-formed utterance.
a. Omission of definite article “the”
This table shows the samples of omission of “the”.
Error Sentences Reconstruction
35 After that, I and my
family went to Zoo. After that, I and my family went
to the Zoo.
36 That was story about my That was the story about my
activities during holiday activities during holiday.
Based on the samples above, the students omitted the article “the” that must be appeared in those sentences. By using “the”, we are signaling to our listener or
reader that shehe is very likely to know what we are referring to and that the context of our conversation should help them to identify the object. These errors might occur
because of the inability of the students understanding the use of article. b.
Omission of indefinite article “a” This table shows the samples of omission of “a”
Error Sentences Reconstruction
37 I am student.
I am a student.
38 We got bad news that
my uncle was dead.
We got a bad news that my uncle
was dead.
Related to the sample above, the students omitted indefinite article “a” for I am “a” Moeslem that must appear. Here, it could be seen that the students do not
well about the indefinite article “a” use. 2
Addition Errors Addition errors are the opposite of mission errors. They are characterized by
the presence of an item which must not be present in a well-formed utterance.. a.
Addition of Definite Article “the” This table shows the samples of addition of “the”
Error Sentences Reconstruction
39 My father and my
mother quarreled because she wanted to
return to her village but My father and my mother
quarreled because she wanted to
return to her village but father
did not allow
the father did not allow
40 to gather with the
brothers there. to gather with my brothers there.
Related to the error sentence, the students made error because they added
article “the” in the wrong place. Article “the” used to indicate a noun that is definite or has been previously specified in the context. I assume that this error might occur
because of lack of knowledge about article use. b.
Addition of Indefinite Article “a” This table shows the samples of addition of “a”
Error Sentences Reconstruction
41 So many a clothes for my
mother. So many clothes for my mother.
Related to the sample above, we can see from the Error Sentence is found addition error because the students added item “a” that must not appear in
grammatical sentence. The error might occur because they do not understand well about the use of article.
3 Misformation of Article a.
Misformation of Indefinite Article “aan” This table shows the samples of addition of “aan”
Error Sentences Reconstruction
42 We practiced for the
hour before performance.
We practiced for an hour before
performance. 43
My mother bought me
an beautiful dress My mother bought me a beautiful
dress.
Based on the sample, the errors occur because the students use the wrong form of indefinite article “aan”. The students used “the” instead of “an” and the
second sentence used “an” instead of “a”. I think this error occurs because of the students’ inability in using article well.
b. Misformation of Indefinite Article “aan”
Error Sentences Reconstruction
44 We went to a beach for
holiday
We went to the beach for holiday
45 My sister told me to buy
eggs in a shop
My sister told me to buy eggs in
the shop
From the samples above, we can see that the student do the errors. The errors occur because the students use the wrong form of definite article “the”.
Furthermore, I think these errors occur because the students confused how to use article properly.
4.1.5 Kinds of Error in Using Preposition
