pronouns, adjectives, and verbs. I personally think that the error occur because the student do not understand the use of preposition.
3 Misformation Errors
Misformation errors are characterized by the use of the unacceptable forms of the morphemes or structure. While in omission errors the item is not supplied at
all. In misformation errors the learner supplies something, although it is incorrect. This table shows the samples of misformation of preposition.
Error Sentences Reconstruction
50 I spend time on my
village
I spend time in my village.
51 Made my parents proud
in me Made my parents proud of me.
The Error Sentence are incorect, the students made error because they used the wrong form of “to”and “at” in those sentences. The students used “on” instead of
“in” in the sentence “I spend my time in my village”. It is because they think that the used of “on” had same meaning with “in”, but in grammatical it is proper to use “in”.
I personally think that the error occur because the student do not understand the use of preposition.
4.1.6 Kinds of Error in Using Possessive
1 Omission of apostrophe “’s”
Omission errors are characterized by the absence of items that must be present in a well-formed utterance.
This table shows the samples of omission of apostrophes “’s”.
Error Sentences Reconstruction
52 We were going to my uncle
house.
We were going to my uncle’s house.
53 My brother face was pale.
My brother’s face was pale.
By looking through the Error Sentence, the type of error is omission because the students omitted “’s” of noun that must appear in those sentences. The
apostrophe is a punctuation used to indicate the possessive case ownership and the omission of letters contraction. I think the reason of the students making this error
is because they do not understand the use apostrophes form well. 2
Addition of apostrophes “’s” Addition errors are the opposite of mission errors. They are characterized by
the presence of an item which must not be present in a well-formed utterance. This table shows the samples of omission of apostrophes “’s”.
Error Sentences Reconstruction
54 Which has family’s name
same as me.
Which has family name same as me.
55 I and my brother’s were
playing guitar.
I and my brother were playing
guitar
Related to the sample above, the error occurs because the students used the wrong form of apostrophes. From the error sentence, we can see that the students
added “”s” after “family” and “brother” that should not be appeared in those sentences. Therefore, in order to make reconstruction of the Error Sentence becomes
the right order; the “’s” must be deleted. I think the student confused how to use apostrophes properly.
4.1.7 Kinds of Error in Using Conjunction.
1 Omission Errors
Omission errors are characterized by the absence of items that must be present in a well-formed utterance.
This table shows the samples of omission of Conjunction
Error Sentences Reconstruction
56 My friends were happy and
me happy
My friends were happy and I was too
57 I couldn’t go anywhere I
was sick
I couldn’t go anywhere because I was
sick
Through comparing to the sample above, it can be seen that the sample is error. The students makes do not put the conjunction “too” and “because”. The error
of those sentences is called “omission” because the students omit the conjunction. It is as a prove that the students do not understand the use of conjunction well.
2 Addition Errors Addition errors are the opposite of mission errors. They are characterized by
the presence of an item which must not be present in a well-formed utterance. This table shows the sample of addition of Conjunction
Error Sentence Reconstruction
58 I and my mother and my
father I, my mother and my father
59 I was also happy too
I was also happy Related to the sample above, we can see that the students used the incorrect
form of conjunction. Conjunction is a word to join one word to another word, or one sentence to another sentence. Thus, the error of those sentences is called “addition”.
3 Misformation of Conjunction Misformation errors are characterized by the use of the unacceptable forms
of the morphemes or structure. While in omission errors the item is not supplied at all. In misformation errors the learner supplies something, although it is incorrect.
This table shows the sample of misformation of Conjunction
Error Sentence Reconstruction
60 If I made mistake, next I
must apologize
If I made mistake, then I must apologize
From the Error Sentence, we can see that the student use the wrong form of conjunction. This error occurs because the students do not understand how to use
conjunction in a sentence well. 4 Misordering of Conjunction
The incorrect placement of a morpheme or group of morphemes in an utterance characterized misordering error. Misordering occur systematically for both
L1 and L2 learners. This table shows the sample of misordering of Conjunction.
Error Sentence Reconstruction
61 My friends mother’s also
also my mother’s friends
From the Error Sentence, we can see that the students made error. The students put the conjunction in the wrong placement. The error of the Error Sentence
is called “misordering”. The error might occur because of the students’ lack of knowledge about the use of conjunction and arrange the sentence well.
4.1.8 Punctuation
