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1. Reconnaissance
This is the first step that has to be known by the researcher. In this first step, the researcher carried out the research collaboratively with the English teacher in
this school. In this case, the researcher collected information concerning the students’ speaking skill. The researcher did pre-test, observation and interviews
the students and English teacher to identify the existing problem in class related to the students’ speaking skill. After that, the researcher determined the research
concern. More formally, doing reconnaissance involved the time to reflect on the researcher’s belief and to gain a better understanding of the nature and context of
your research problem Mills, 2011.
2. Research Cycle
In this process, the researcher implemented the actions in some cycles depending on the need of the research. There were three procedures implement in
Figure 2: Action Research Process by Kemmis and McTaggart
33 this action: planning, the action, implementing the action and doing reflection.
The procedure is described as follows.
a. Planning the cycle
In this phase, the researcher identified problems or issues and made some plans to choose the actions that were feasible to be implemented in the field,
based on the results of the reconnaissance. In the planning actions, the researcher worked together with the English teacher of class. In this step, the researcher
prepared the lesson plans, the materials and the research instruments. While the research instrument such as the interview guideline, the pretest scoring rubric, the
questionnaire were designed by considering the kinds of data needed. The plans per cycle are described as follows.
1 Planning Cycle 1
In planning in the first cycle, the researcher considered the materials which would be taught by reviewing the basic competency the researcher plans to have
three types of role play and two forms of role play that were used in the cycle one. Those were considered by different situation and different dialogues.
Furthermore, the dialogues and the hand outs were designed based on their own program
– Travel Tourism Program. 2
Planning Cycle 2 In the planning in the cycle 2, the research reviewed the result of the
discussion and the plan based on the problem appearing at the first cycle. The three new dialogues and hand out were planned to be included in the same types
and forms of role play in the first cycle.