Klasifikasi Sindroma Mata Kering

telah menopause.

2.6.2. Klasifikasi Sindroma Mata Kering

Sindroma mata kering dapat dikategorikan menjadi episodik dan kronik. Sindroma Mata Kering episodik yaitu mata kering yang dialami akibat lingkungan atau pekerjaan, dan bersifat sementara. Sindroma Mata Kering kronik yaitu mata kering yang dipicu oleh sesuatu dan bersifat menetap. Sindroma Mata Kering episodik dapat berlanjut ke mata kering kronik Guyton, 2009. Berikut adalah tabel klasifikasi beserta penyebabnya menurut Asyari F 2002 dan Miller SJH 1990: Table 2.6.2.1. Classification of Tear Deficiency Aqueous tear deficiency Mucin deficiency Lipid abnormality Lid surfacing abnormality Epitheliopathy Table 2.6.2.2. Etiology and diagnosis of Dry Eye Syndrome I. Etiology A. Conditions characterized by hypofunction of the lacrimal gland : a.1. Congenital a.1.1. Familial dysautonomia Riley Day Syndrome a.1.2. Aplasia of the lacrimal gland a.1.3. Trigeminal nerve aplasia a.1.4. Ectodermal dysplasia a.2. Acquired a.2.1. Systemic diseases a.2.1.1. Sjogren’s syndrome a.2.1.2. Progressive systemic sclerosis a.2.1.3. Sarcoidosis a.2.1.4. Leukemia a.2.1.5. Amyloidosis a.2.1.6. Hemochromatosis a.2.2. Infection a.2.2.1. Trachoma a.2.2.2. Mumps a.2.3. Injury a.2.3.1. Surgical removal of lacrimal gland a.2.3.2. Irradiation a.2.3.3. Chemical burn a.2.4. Medications a.2.4.1. Antihistamines a.2.4.2. Antimuscarinics a.2.4.3. General amesthetics a.2.4.4. Beta-adrenergic blockers a.2.4.5. Neurogenic-neuroparalytic B.Conditions characterized by mucin deficiency : b.1. Avitaminosis A b.2. Steven-Johnsosn syndrome b.3. Ocular pemphigoid b.4. Chronic conjunctivitis b.5. Chemical burns b.6. Medications-antihistamines antimuscarinics, beta-adrenergic blocking agents C. Conditions charatcterized by lid deficiency c.1. Lid margin scarring: c.2. Blepharitis D. Defective spreading of tear film caused by the following : d.1. Eyelid abnormalities d.1.1. Defects d.1.2. Ectropion or entropion d.1.3. Keratinization of lid margin d.1.4. Decreased or absent blinking d.1.4.1. Neurologic disorders d.1.4.2. Hyperthyroidism d.1.4.3. Contact lens d.1.4.4. Drugs d.1.4.5. Herpes simplex keratitis d.1.4.6. Leprosy d.1.5. Lagophtalmus d.1.5.1. Hyperthyroidism d.1.5.2. Leprosy d.1.5.3. Nocturnal lagophtalmus d.2. Conjunctival abnormalities d.2.1. Pterygium d.2.2. Symblepharon d.3. Proptosis II. Diagnosis A. Biomicroscopy B. Rose bengal staining C. Fluorescein staining D. Tearbreak-up time E. Tear film osmolarity F. Tear lysozyme G. Schirmer test wwithout an anesthesia H. Impresion cytology J. Tear lactofern

2.6.3. Hipersekresi dan hiposekresi air mata