Research Method Description of Setting

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BAB III RESEARCH METODOLOGY

A. Research Method

In this research, the researcher used the descriptive qualitative method. Descriptive research involves describing and interpreting events, condition, or situation of the present. Meanwhile, qualitative research is a research method based on naturalist paradigm that has some characteristics. Firstly, the realities are multiple and holistic. Secondly, the knower and known are interactive and inseparable. Thirdly, hypothesis is bounded by time and context. Fourthly, the causes and effect are impossible to be distinguished. Fifthly, the inquiry is value-bound Lincoln and Guba, 1985: 37. The researcher reported a qualitative method in the form of case study, because the study discussed was related with the activity or process of teaching and learning in the classroom. Based on those theories the researcher of this research used qualitative method in the form of naturalistic inquiry. The researcher focused on the use of English in teaching-learning activities at the Dsignated International Standard School. In this research, the researcher was a research instrument because in collecting the data, the researcher had to interact with the respondents directly and find the meaning of the interaction result. According to Seliner and Shomany 1989, descriptive research involves a collection of techniques used to specify, delineate or describe naturally occurring 52 lxiv phenomena without experimental manipulation. Elliot and Kratochwill 1999: 34 stated that descriptive study is a research in which the investigator examines and reports things the way they are in an effort to understand and explain them. That is why the research was based on qualitative descriptive. Qualitative descriptive research is a method choice when straight descriptions of phenomena are desired.

B. Description of Setting

The researcher observed the teaching-learning activities at the Designated International Standard School by involving herself directly in the teaching and learning process of the second grade students of Designated International Standard School in SMP N 1 Sukoharjo in the 20082009 academic year. The school is located on Jl. Pemuda number 36 Sukoharjo, central Java. The researcher conducted the research from February to March 2008.

C. Source of Data