There is reason for avery man’s behavior, be it from whitin the individual, for example: hunger, thirst, fear or from the outside of the individual, for example: love
or support from others, reward, etc. Finding these reasons and knowledge about spiritual world have been a fascination for the writer, and that is why this novel was
chosen as my thesis.
1.2 Problem Formulation
The main issue to be analyzed is the motivation of the main character in finding his guardian angel. According to the previous discussion, there are two
problems that can be formulated in this discussion, and they are as follows: 1. What is the characterization of Paulo in
The Valkyries? 2 What is the motivation of Paulo to seek his guardian angel in
The Valkyries?
1.3 Research Objectives
The objective of the research is to answer the questions stated in problem formulation. First, the researcher wants to find out the portrayal of Paulo’s character.
The second is to find out Paulo’s motivation to seek his guardian angel.
1.4 Research Benefits
The research will bring the benefits those concerned with literary works, they are:
1. The Researcher
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For the researcher, the research gives benefits concerning with how to do a research, especially in a literary work. The research is about human character and the
motivation of human to struggle in order to get their needs. The researcher gets many lessons; one of them is about how to struggle to fight the laziness.
2. The Readers The reader will be helped in realizing motivation. Since motivation is the strongest
influence to encourage people to do action in order to satisfy their needs. Further, the reader can appreciate more on literature especially novel as literary works. By reading
novel, readers will learn about value in life. The reader can understand more about human motivation and also what really motivate them in reaching their needs or
goals. 3. The Lecturer
The researcher hopes that this study can helps the lecturer in providing alternative for the teaching-learning activities. The novel can be the facility to add the variety of
language teaching.
1.5 Definition of Terms
The first term is character. Abrams defines character as the persons in a
dramatic or narrative work, endowed with moral qualities that are expressed in what they say the dialogue and by what they do the action 1985:22. While Holman
and Harmon define character as a complicated term that includes the idea of the moral constitution of the human personality, the presence of moral uprightness, and
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simpler notion of the presence of creatures in art that seem to be human beings of one sort or another 1986: 81. In this study, character is defined as “a description of a
person’s attributes, traits, or abilities”. The second term is
motivation. Huffman, Vernoy, Vernoy 2000:392 state that motivation is the process of activating, maintaining, and directing behavior
toward a particular goal. According to Petri 1981:3, “motivation is the concept we use when we describe the forces acting or on within an organism to initiate and direct
behavior”. In this study, motivation is defined as the desire or an action to do something that is motivated to reach some goals or needs that have to be fulfilled.
The researcher would like to explore the motivation that occurs in Paulo to seek his guardian angel.
The third term is guardian angel. Guardian angel is a spirit that is thought to
watch over and protect person or place Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. In this study, guardian angel is defined as a spirit or invisible thing that protects person,
and everyone has their own guardian angel. The fifth term is
the valkyries. Hamilton 1953: 309, “maidens were Odin’s attendants, the VALKYRIES. They waited on the table in Asgard and kept the
drinking horns full, but their chief task was to go to the battlefield and decide at Odin’s bidding who should win and who should die, and carry the brave dead to
Odin. Val means “slain”, and the Valkyries were the choosers of the Slain; and the place to which they brought the heroes was the Hall of the Slain, Valhalla”.
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Maidens excellent in beauty, Riding their steeds in shining armor,
Solemn and deep in thought, With their white hands beckoning.
Berry 1957: 23,”the valkyries, warrior maidens of Odin, selected those brave enough to be brought to Valhalla. These maidens lived in Valhalla also, another of
their duties being to pass mead at the feasts. The hall itself was described as being thatched with the shields of the heroes, hung with their armor and mail, and lit with
swords as tapers. Here battles were fought by day and feasting was carried on at night. From each of its five hundred and forty doors it was said that eight hundred
warriors would issue for the last great fight with the giants when the end of the world would come”. In this study, Valkyires are defined as a group of warrior women who
travel the desert on motorcycles, with their trappings, their kerchiefs, and their strange outfit.
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8
CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
