CAHPTER IV FINDING AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Finding
From the novel Kamar Cewek by Ninit Yunita Okke Sepatumerah that consists of 238 pages. The analysis below is only to determine the utterance in the
correct division based on the type of code switching and code mixing. The utterance is taken from the conversation between the characters in the novel.
CODE SWITCHING
Situational Code Switching Methaporical Code Switching
Sentence Clause
Sentence Clause
93 55
6 4
Total: Total:
148 10
CODE MIXING
Word Phrase
468 192
Total: Total:
468 192
4.2 Discussion
1. “Pokoknya, I’ll be there for you gals, gua akan selalu mengontak kalian, biar pun nantinya Lona terlalu sibuk dengan lusinan anak-anaknya setelah
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menikah atau Tiara terlalu sibuk jadi guru, bahkan kalau gua menikah dengan Lang, gua bakal ngontak Safina sebagai wedding planner gua.”
p.6ch.1 Analysis:
Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when
the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a
different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This
utterance I’ll be there for you gals, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic changed is involved. So, this utterance is included into
situational code switching.
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a phrase, wedding planner, which constitutes as the vocabulary
of English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
2. “Best friends forever?” cetus gue cepat. “BEST FRIENDS FOREVER” seru sahabat-sahabat gue berbarengan, sambil
mengangkat cawan chi masing-masing. Gue tersenyum lebar. Berkumpul kembali. Bersahabat sampai tua. Best
friends forever. It sounds wonderful. p.7ch.1 Analysis:
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Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when
the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a
different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This
utterance It sounds wonderful, the conversant switches Indonesian into English
and no topic changed is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a phrase, best friends forever, which constitutes as the
vocabulary of English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
3. Ayo dong. Rat, say something smart… p.41ch.5 Analysis:
Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when
the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a
different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This
utterance say something smart, the conversant switches Indonesian into English
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and no topic changed is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
4. Obviously, his mom and sister don’t like me. Duh, sebel. Detailnya nanti, ya. Sekarang gua lagi dianter pulang sama Lang. Anyway, thanks for your help, ya.
I owe you one, Mwa mwa. p.50ch.6
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code
switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants
find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a
change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance Obviously, his mom and sister don’t like me, the conversant switches
Indonesian into English and no topic changed is involved. So, this utterance is
included into situational code switching. Beside it, this utterance Anyway,
thanks for your help, ya. I owe you one, has the different topic. So this utterance
is included into methaporical code switching.
5. “Nggak apa-apa, we always need to blame someone else to make us feeling better, right?” p.64ch.7
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching:
situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants
find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a
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different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This
utterance we always need to blame someone else to make us feeling better, right, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic changed
is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
6. “Dunno, suddenly he sent a message to my Friendster inbox… ya udah, kita jadi rutin chatting dan kadang-kadang telpon atau SMS…. p.67ch.8
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code
switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants
find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a
change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance suddenly he sent a message to my Friendster inbox, the conversant
switches Indonesian into English and no topic changed is involved. So, this
utterance is included into situational code switching.
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a word, chatting, which constitutes as the vocabulary of English.
So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
7. “Iya… gara-gara Lona… Gosh, Lona benar, we have to blame someone else to make us feeling better…” p.91ch.10
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Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code
switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants
find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a
change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance we have to blame someone else to make us feeling better, the
conversant switches Indonesian into English and there is the different topic. So,
this utterance is included into methaporical code switching.
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a word, gosh, which constitutes as the vocabulary of English.
So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
8. Ugh, nistanya… So, how’s the vacation, Dear? p.96ch.11
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code
switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants
find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a
change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This
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utterance so, how’s the vacation, dear, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and there is the different topic. So, this utterance is included into
methaporical code switching.
9. Asal lo tau yah… the beach makes me orgasm. Apalagi sunsetnya, woooo.. I get multiple orgasms every single afternoon. p.97ch.11
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code
switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants
find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a
change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterances the beach makes me orgasm and I get multiple orgasms every single
afternoon, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic changed
is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
10. Karena dia begitu muda, begitu bersemangat, punya banyak mimpi, punya khayalan yang wild, hidup rock n’ roll as if there’s no future. p.110ch.12
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code
switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants
find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a
change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This
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utterance rock n’ roll as if there’s no future, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic change is involved. So, this utterance is included into
situational code switching.
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a word, wild, which constitutes as the vocabulary of English. So,
this utterance is included into code mixing.
11. Kami memandangi punggung Ratu yang menjauh. Somehow, aku ngerasa, she’ll be in trouble… soon. p.113ch.12
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code
switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants
find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a
change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance she’ll be in trouble soon, the conversant switches Indonesian into
English and no topic change is involved. So, this utterance is included into
situational code switching.
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the
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conversant insert a word, somehow, which constitutes as the vocabulary of
English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
12. Salon? Apakah banyak makhluk bernama pria ganteng di sana? Oh saaay, I’d rather go to the gym. p.124ch.14
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code
switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants
find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a
change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance I’d rather go to the gym, the conversant switches Indonesian into
English and no topic change is involved. So, this utterance is included into
situational code switching.
13. Gue ditinggal, tanpa cadangan. I won’t do the same mistakes. p.112ch.12 Analysis:
Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when
the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a
different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This
utterance I won’t do the same mistakes, the conversant switches Indonesian into
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English and no topic change is involved. So, this utterance is included into
situational code switching.
14. “Gals… tapi kan percuma, pakai kebaya cantik-cantik tapi end-up nya ketutupan sama jas wisuda yang warnanya item jelek gak jelas itu…”
p.2ch.1 Analysis:
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a word, somehow and a phrase, end up, which constitutes as the
vocabulary of English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
15. “Ini lucu deh… kita keluar dari fakultas hokum, tapi ngelamarnya gak ada yang ke law firm gitu.” p.4ch.1
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both
languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the
conversant insert a phrase, law firm, which constitutes as the vocabulary of
English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
16. “Mmm, sebenarnya ada salah satu tanteku yang punya catering, lalu ada lagi yang punya salon, aku berfikir untuk ngebikin usaha yang ngejual jasa
wedding planner…” p.5ch.1 Analysis:
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Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a word, catering and a phrase, wedding planner, which
constitutes as the vocabulary of English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
17. Tiara sih mirip-mirip gue, single meski sedikit kelainan karena masih cinta pada mantan. p.13ch.2
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both
languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the
conversant insert a word, single, which constitutes as the vocabulary of English.
So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
18. “That’s my boss…,” desisnya perlahan. “Oh… so?”
“Ya itu bos gua, that’s it…” p.38ch.5 Analysis:
Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when
the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a
different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This
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utterance That’s my boss, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and
no topic change is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a word, so, and a phrase that’s it which constitutes as the
vocabulary of English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
19. “Yep, I absolutely need to destroy my body.” Gua menyeringai sambil menghembuskan asap rokok kuat-kuat. p.54ch.7
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code
switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants
find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a
change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance I absolutely need to destroy my body, the conversant switches
Indonesian into English and no topic change is involved. So, this utterance is
included into situational code switching.
20. Tiara lagi-lagi mengeluarkan statement nggak penting. Itu memang spesialisasi dia. p.55ch.7
Analysis:
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Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a word, statement, which constitutes as the vocabulary of
English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
21. “Hari ini langsung saya coba You are the best, Lon” “No problem, say…,” Lona menggerling. p.172ch.20
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code
switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants
find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a
change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance you’re the best, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and
no topic change is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a phrase no problem which constitutes as the vocabulary of
English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
22. Udah aku yang antar jemput dia, eeeh enak banget yaaa dia marah-marahin aku. I’m not his driver anyway. p.196-197ch.22
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Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching:
situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find
themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the
language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance you’re the bestI’m not his driver anyway, the conversant switches Indonesian into English
and no topic change is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
23. Tapi setidaknya empat sampai lima jam nggak menangis itu merupakan hal yang bagus. That’s why I love shopping. p.223ch.25
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching:
situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find
themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the
language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance that’s why I love shopping, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and there is the
different topic. So, this utterance is included into methaporical code switching.
24. Di jalan kita banyak cerita-cerita. He’s so adorable. p.233ch.26 Analysis:
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Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the
languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different
one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance he’s so
adorable, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic change is
involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
25. Lona lalu melirik saya. “Talking about ending… lo sendiri gimana, Tiara?” p.237ch.27
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching:
situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find
themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the
language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance talking about ending, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and there is the
different topic. So, this utterance is included into methaporical code switching.
26. Saya kasihan sama kalian yang sudah sabar selama satu decade mendengarkan keluhan saya.
The show must go on, right? p.238ch.27 Analysis:
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Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the
languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different
one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance The show
must go on, right, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic
change is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
27. “Sekarang giliran Safina dulu ya, Tiara.” “Of course. I can wait.” p.238ch.27
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching:
situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find
themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the
language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance I can wait, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic change is involved.
So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a phrase of course which constitutes as the vocabulary of
English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
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28. “Sial Males saya sama bekas-bekasnya kamu… Kembali ke pertanyaan saya, What is Mr. Right? p.137ch.15
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching:
situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find
themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the
language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance What is Mr. Right, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and there is the different
topic. So, this utterance is included into methaporical code switching.
29. “Gals… cerita ketemu calon mertuanya Ratu itu udah beres belom sih?” p.59ch.7
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both
languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the
conversant insert a word, gals, which constitutes as the vocabulary of English. So,
this utterance is included into code mixing.
30. “Nah itu… gua ngerasa baru ngeliat the real Lang kemarin, di tengah-tengah keluarganya… p.61ch.7
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both
languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
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in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a phrase, the real, which constitutes as the vocabulary of
English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
31. Saya butuh cowok… I MISS DATING. p.138ch.15 Analysis:
Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the
languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different
one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance I miss
dating, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic change is
involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
32. “Well… yah, gimana ya Rat… Aku sih ngeliatnya kamu itu pasangan yang cocok. Kamu tuh happy nggak jalan sama Lang?” Tanya Tiara. p.63ch.7
. Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both
languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the
conversant insert words, well and happy, which constitutes as the vocabulary of
English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
33. Suara kuku jemari lentik Lona yang tersaput kuteks Pearly Shine keluaran Unique yang beradu dengan tuts-tuts keyboard menimbulkan bunyi tak-tik-tuk
tidak beraturan. p.65ch.8
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Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both
languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the
conversant insert a word, keyboard, which constitutes as the vocabulary of
English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
34. Saya tidak pernah melewatkan melihat dia dua kali dalam seminngu di sebuah acara televise swasta. He’s a perfect date p.224ch.25
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching:
situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find
themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the
language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance he’s a perfect date, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic
change is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
35. “Gue? Chatting lah… masa lagi bungee jumping?” p.65ch.8 Analysis:
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a word, chatting and phrase, bungee jumping, which constitutes
as the vocabulary of English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
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36. “Iya, gue bilang. Bodoh, ya? But I just couldn’t lie…” p.162ch.19 Analysis:
Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the
languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different
one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance but I just
couldn’t lie, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic change
is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
37. “Siapa sih, Pramastya Adithya itu?” tanyaku. Namanya terdengar begitu familiar. p.66ch.8
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both
languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the
conversant insert a word, familiar, which constitutes as the vocabulary of English.
So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
38. “Tapi, flirting gitu kan intim jugaaa…,” protes Tiara. Analysis:
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the
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conversant insert a word, flirting, which constitutes as the vocabulary of English.
So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
39. “Biarin ah… anyway, sampai mana tadi?” p.68ch.8 Analysis:
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a word, anyway, which constitutes as the vocabulary of English.
So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
40. “Kok bisa sih, ngomongin cium-ciuman, sama stranger lagi. Orang yang boro-boro pacar, kenal dekat aja nggak…” p.70ch.8
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both
languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the
conversant insert a word, stranger, which constitutes as the vocabulary of English.
So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
41. “Kamu kan suka banget Miss Sixty. Ayo dong nyari-nyari apa kek. Just incase you need something that you want to buy, Saf…”
“Honey… don’t we always buy something we don’t need?” Lona lalu menyesap vanilla latte sambil tersenyum lebar. p.174ch.20
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching:
situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the
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languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different
one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterances Just incase
you need something that you want to buy, and Honey, don’t we always buy something we don’t need, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no
topic change is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
42. Aku sama sekali nggak pernah melihat mobil dia kotor What a guy p.192ch.22
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching:
situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find
themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the
language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterances what a guy, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic change is
involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
43. Pacaran serius, kerja serius, ini serius, itu serius. Liat aja, sama Hilman yang udah mau married aja masih cinta mati. p.70-71ch.8
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both
languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
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in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a word, married, which constitutes as the vocabulary of English.
So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
44. Aku sign out dari YM, sejurus kemudian Lona kembali. p.72ch.8 Analysis:
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a phrase, sign out, which constitutes as the vocabulary of
English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
45. “Jiyee… siapa tau soulmate lo tuh. Sayang nggak ada pic-nya. Tapi bales aja deh?” goda Lona. p.76ch.9
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both
languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the
conversant insert a word, soulmate, which constitutes as the vocabulary of
English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
46. “How was your weekend?” “Not bad. Nonton DVD Desperate Housewife seharian. Trus siangnya makan
di plaza Senayan.” p.192ch.22 Analysis:
Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the
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languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different
one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance how’s your
weekend, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic change is
involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a phrase, not bad, which constitutes as the vocabulary of
English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
47. Lona, Ratu dan Tiara. They’re my best friends. p.200ch.23 Analysis:
Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the
languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different
one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance They’re my
best friends, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic change
is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
48. Dari awal, aku udah penasaran, James ini expatriate dari mana ya? p.79ch.9 Analysis:
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Wardaugh 1986:103 says “Code mixing occurs when conversants use both languages together to the extent that they change from one language to the other
in the course of a single utterance”. This utterance bases on Indonesian, but the conversant insert a word, expatriate, which constitutes as the vocabulary of
English. So, this utterance is included into code mixing.
49. “Wanna know the truth?” “Yup.” Gua dan Tiara mengangguk kompak, lalu memasang sikap siap
mendengarkan dengan takzim, seperti murid-murid SD yang siap menerima petatah petitih dari guru kelasnya. p.209ch.24
Analysis: Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching:
situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find
themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the
language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterance wanna know the truth, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no topic
change is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
50. “Who needs him anyway?” tiba-tiba Lona yang lesu berubah menjadi Lona yang angkuh kembali, “gue gak perduli, gue gak mau ketemu dia lagi…”
“Lon?” “Jangan khawatir, I’m fine…” p.213ch.24
Analysis:
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Wardaugh 1986:102-103 says “we can describe two kinds of code switching: situational and methaporical. Situational code switching occurs when the
languages used change according to the situations in which the conversants find themselves: they speak one language in one situation and another in a different
one. No topic change is involved. When a change of topic requires a change in the language used we have methaporical code switching”. This utterances who needs
him anyway and I’m fine, the conversant switches Indonesian into English and no
topic change is involved. So, this utterance is included into situational code switching.
4.3 The Frequency of Code Switching and Code Mixing
