APPENDIX A RESEARCH MATRIX
Title Problem
Variables Indicators
Data Resources Research Method
Hypothesis
Improving the Eighth Grade
Students’ Descriptive
Text Writing Achievement
by Using Realia at
SMPN 1 Besuki
Situbondo 1.
Can the use of realia improve
the students’
achievement in writing
descriptive text at SMPN 1
Besuki Situbondo
2. Can the use of
realia improve class VIII D
students’ participation in
teaching learning process
of writing descriptive text
at SMPN 1
1. Independent
Variable
The Use of realia in the teaching of
writing descriptive text
2. Dependent
Variable
The students’ achievement in
writing descriptive text
1. The procedure in teaching
writing by using Realia a.
Showing Realia b.
Asking some questions related to
the realia c.
Asking the students to write simple
sentences based on the realia given
d. Asking the students
to write a descriptive text
related to the realia given
e. Revising students’
work
2.The students’ writing test score in applying:
a. Grammar
b. Vocabulary
c. Mechanic
d. Content
e. Organization
Adapted from Hughes, 2003: 104
1. Research
Subjects
The students of class VIII-D at
SMPN 1 Besuki Situbondo
2. Research
Informant and Colaborator
The English teacher of class
VIII-D at SMPN 1 Besuki Situbondo
1. Research design
Classroom Action Research The stage of each cycle are:
a. The planning of the action
b. The implementation of the
action c.
Doing the observation d.
Doing Evaluation and reflection.
Adapted from Lewin, in Elliot,1991:69
2. Area Determination Method
Purposive Method 3.
Research Subjects Determination Method
Purposive Method 4.
Data Collections Method
Primary Data: a.
Writing Test b.
Observation Supporting Data:
a. Interview
b. Documentation
1. The use of
realia improve the
students’ achievement
in writing descriptive
text at SMPN 1
Besuki Situbondo
2. The use of
realia can improve the
students’ participation
in writing descriptive
text at SMPN 1
Besuki Situbondo
5 9
Besuki Situbondo
3.The students’ participation covering the following
indicators :
a. Asking and
answering the teachers’ questions
b. Giving full attention
to the teacher explanation
c. Doing the writing
task given by the teacher
d. Making a note
3. The School
