2.2 The Aspects of Writing
There are some aspects of writing that support each other to make a good writing. They are grammar, vocabulary, mechanics, content, and organization.
The aspects will be described as following:
2.2.1 Grammar
According to Warriner 2008:T19 grammar is a description of the way a language words that tells us the order in which sentence parts must be arranged. It
explains many things. Watkins 2005:17 adds that the aim of a genre, text and grammar approach, then, is to provide students with the ability to use the codes of
writing the genres and grammar effectively and efficiently. Without these codes the process of writing can be a frustrating and unproductive process. Hence,
grammar is useful because it enables us to make statements in constructing a good writing and how to use our language, because it will be easier for the reader to
understand our writing if the writer sets the proper grammar. According to Bram 1995:54 grammar controls what we write. It means grammar plays an important
role in writing. In this research, grammar was used to evaluate
the students’ writing descriptive text to describe the description of people, place or things in the form
of simple present tense.
2.2.2 Vocabulary
Vocabulary is another aspect of writing. Bram 1995:48 argues that words are the basic tool for writing, because words carry meaning where the writer’s
message across. Hornby 1995:1331 states that vocabulary is the total number of words with rules combining them to make up language. It means that by
comprehending vocabulary, the writer can build sentences to communicate with others. The more vocabulary the writer masters, the easier heshe conveys the
ideas in writing. The vocabularies used in writing descriptive text in this research were noun, verb, adverb, adjective, preposition, pronoun, conjunction, and article.
2.2.3 Mechanics
Mechanic is one of the important aspects in writing skill. It takes a big part in writing besides vocabulary and grammar. The students should understand how
to apply mechanics in their writing. It deals with the spelling, punctuation, and capitalization. Spelling is often found as a problem for the students because they
need to have a good ability in understanding the sound and the written form of other words. Punctuation deals with marks, such as periods, question marks,
exclamation points, commas, apostrophes, quotation marks, semi-colons, and colons. Capitalization is writing in capital letters, it means that capitalization is
about how the capital letters are put in writing. Heaton 1991:35 states that mechanical skill is the ability to use correctly those conventions peculiar to the
written language. We can conclude that mechanics used to evaluate the students’
writing are punctuation, spelling and capitalization.
2.2.4 Content
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