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form of comprehension testing that demands recall and writing as well as comprehension. Teacher may supply a reading passage followed by a set of
statements to be completed by the students. In the simplest version, students may use the words from original passage to complete the sentence. In more complex
versions, students should interpret or analyse the text before completing the sentences.
D. E-Learning in Teaching Learning Activities
Since 2000, online learning commonly known as ‘web-based instruction’, ‘e-learning’ or ‘distance learning’ has played an increasing role in higher
education with the development of the internet and world-wide web. Web-based learning or online learning can be defined as ‘hypermedia based instructional
program, which utilizes the attributes and resources of the World Wide Web to create a meaningful learning environment where learning is fostered and
supported” Khan, 1997: 6.
1. E-learning
E-learning is long distance learning uses the computer technology, computer network andor internet. E-learning makes the possibility for the learners to study
through computer in their places without physically join the lesson in the classroom. E-learning also often means a form of web based learning which can
be accessed from intranet in local net or internet.
The
following table summarizes several opinions regarding the comparison between traditional learning and e-
Learning David Rashty: PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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Table 2.1 Comparison of Traditional and E-Learning
Traditional Learning E-learning
Classroom Discussions
The teacher usually talks more than the student
The student talks at least as much as or more than the
teacher
Learning Process
The learning is conducted with the whole class participating;
there is almost no group or individual study
Most of the learning process takes place in groups or by the
individual student.
Subject Matter The teacher conducts the
lesson according to the study program and the existing
curriculum The student participates in
determining the subject matter; the studying is based on
various sources of information, including web data banks and
net-experts located by the student.
Emphases in the Learning
Process The students learn “what” and
not “how”; the students and the
teachers are
busy completing
the required
subject matter quota; the students are not involved in
inquiry-based education and in solving problems, but rather in
tasks set by the teacher. The students learn “how” and
less “what”; the learning
includes research study which combines searching for and
collecting information from web data banks and authorities
on
the communications
network; the learning is better connected to the real world,
the subject matter is richer and includes material in different
formats.
Motivation The students’ motivation is
low, and the subject matter is “distant” from them.
The students’ motivation is high due to the involvement
in matters that are closer to them and to the use of
technology.
Teacher’s Role The teacher is the authority
The teacher directs the student to the information
Location of Learning
The learning
takes place
within the classroom and the school
The learning takes place with no fixed location
Lesson Structure The
teacher dictates
the structure of the lesson and the
division of time The structure of the lesson is
affected by
the group
dynamics
From the table above, it was known that learning is also students centred with recognition of the student’s prior knowledge, experience and
understanding; most important, the teacher’s role is that of “facilitator of learning, developer of structure, creator of the context and provider of the
learning space so that students can take control of their own learning” PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
29
Alderman 2000. The assumption holds significance that the collaboration provides opportunities for appreciating and acknowledging the student’s
expectation. The growing interest in e-learning seems to be coming from several directions. Numbers of teachers are increasingly using information and
communication technology to support their teaching. Despite this level in e- learning, it is not constraint and limitation. The fundamental obstacle to the
growth of e-learning is lack of access to the necessary technology infrastructure, for without it there can be no e-learning. It also includes the cost
of hardware and software, the support of maintenance and appropriate trained staff Naidu, 2003.
Actually e-learning material is not necessarily distributed online by using intra or internet, but off-line distribution by using CDDVD is also e-learning
pattern. In this case the learning material and application are developed based on the needs then distributed through CDDVD, and then the students can use
CDDVD in their place of learning.
2. Lecfenco as A learning media
