Jealous The Characterization of Pari

stepmother with Julien and because of that she decides to go to her friend’s house than to join their activity. By applying the three mental stages theory by Freud, the writer can say that Id has the role in driving Pari’s personality becomes a jealous person. Pari has a wish to get Julien, because Pari loves and likes Julien. The desire to get Julien fully is impossible to be realized. Julien is Pari’s stepmother’s lover and Pari cannot arrogate him from her stepmother. The pleasure that can be satisfied by having Julien as a lover is impossible. One of the three mental stages that seek pleasure is Id. In this problem, Pari’s Id has a desire to get Julien as a person who can satisfy Pari’s desire. The desire of Pari’s Id is the reason why Pari has hope for Julien’s love. She wishes that Julien wants to get her not her stepmother. Pari’s Id desire is illogical, primitive and amoral 2008:28 because it wants the stepmother’s lover. Id is one of the mental stages that have no connection with the reality. Ego is the one that has a connection with the reality. Ego has a power to follow the power of Id or reject it, because Ego works based on the reality 2008:29. The reality that is faced by Pari makes Ego cannot follow the desire of Pari’s Id. Id’s desire which cannot be followed by the Ego shows a reaction, that reaction makes Pari become a jealous person. In this part, the three mental stages that involve in Pari’s characteristic are Id and Ego which have power against each other. As the conclusion of part A, the writer can say that in the novel And the Mountains Echoed, the three characteristics of the main character explained before are the characteristics in Pari’s early life which is concluded based on what the author says, the character does and the other characters say about the main character. In her early life, Pari is a spoiled, lacking confidence and jealous person. The following is analyzing the three mental stages of mind, Id, Ego and Superego. Since the three mental stages of mind is the core of the personality analysis in this writing. This part of analysis cannot be done without relating the three stages of mind Id, Ego, and Superego within Pari’s personality. In this part, the writer can conclude that the mental stage of Pari has no tendency to one of three mental parts, id, ego and superego. According to the Pari’s characteristic, spoiled, lacking confidence and jealous, the writer is able to say that those three characteristics are driven by Id, Ego and Superego. The three of them have the same role in Pari’s characteristics before experiencing the conflict and they drive Pari to be a negative or bad person. The first Pari’s characteristic is spoiled. The term of Spoiled in this case is explained as a something negative. It drives Pari to fulfill her pleasure. The use of Freud’s theory takes the most part in analyzing the personality of the main character, so the writer sees spoiled that Pari has is driven by Id 2008:27. It can be said as a negative characteristic. The second characteristic is lacking confidence. Ego and Superego are shown as the mental stages that take most part in the second characteristic of Pari. When Pari experiences that she has the most attractive mother who is able to attract man easily, she, unconsciously, wants to be able to do it also. However in fact, her look is not as attractive as her mother and when she knows it, the Ego and Superego take part in driving her to be a lacking confidence person. In this second characteristics Id has no role. Id has no any role to drive Pari to be a lacking confidence person. In addition , Superego which has two subsystems, the conscience, which tell the person what should not do, and the ego-ideal, which tell the person about the thing that a person should do 2008:30, really works in Pari’s mind. The superego guides Pari to be as attractive as her mother so she can attract man’s attention. In fact, Pari is not as attractive as her mother, so she has no boyfriends and it is emphasized by the author that provides fact that she has only one best girlfriend, Collette. The feeling of inferior, in this case is lacking confidence, is caused by the Ego which is unable to meet the Superego’s standard 2008:30. Therefore, the feeling of inferior that Pari has, is stem from the ego-ideal. Ego-ideal drives Pari to be as attractive as her mother 2008:30 but Ego cannot fulfill what that desire wants. Ego which is the only mental stage that has relation with the reality sees that attracting man is an impossible thing to do. It is emphasized by Maman’s allusion about Pari’s look. In order to avoid the pain caused by boy’s refusal or another allusion from other people the Ego leads Pari to be an inferior person. The third characteristic of Pari is jealous. Id and Ego makes Pari become a person that shows the jealousy of her stepmother’s achievement who can get Julien as a lover. Id’s desire cannot be followed by the Ego because the reality that is faced by Pari does not let the Id’s desire to be real. It triggers Pari to show jealousy. The three characteristics of Pari that are found do not come from nowhere. It is created by the role of Pari’s mental stages which consists of Id, Ego and Superego. The role of Id, Ego and Superego that interact with the reality that Pari faces makes Pari becomes a spoiled, lacking confidence and jealous person. Id, Ego and Superego have no dominant role in those two characteristics. Based on those the negative characteristics, the three mental stages have the same portion. Pari has three characteristics, they are spoiled, lacking confidence, and the last is jealous which can be categorized as negative characteristic. Therefore, based on the analysis from the theory of character and characterization from Robert and Jacobs, Pari can be considered as a bad person. It is proved by the negative characteristics that dominate her personality. The next part explains the conflicts that affect Pari’s three mental stages’ role to change or develop.

B. Family conflicts experienced by Pari

The second step of the analysis includes analyzing and identifying the conflicts that are experienced by Pari. The conflicts are in the scope of family, whether a conflict between Pari and other member of family or inner conflict she experienced that is caused by her family member. According to Sociology of Family Life by Cheal, the family is considered to be any group in intimate relationships 2002:4. Family members which are in intimate relationship with Pari are her father, brother, stepfather and stepmother. Moreover, Isenhart and Spangle’s state that conflict is influenced by the struggle of power, the way we talk, the way decisions are made, and unresolved problem from the past 2000:2. The writer considers some of those factors as an important factors in identifying all conflicts experienced by the main character in the novel And The Mountains Echoed. Therefore, the conflict that is analyzed starts from the conflict which happens in the main character’s past or the main character’s early life. The reason why the writer pays an attention to the past life conflict is because the conflicts that happen at that time are the important conflicts that trigger Pari’s personality to change. The conflicts in the past have important role in driving Pari to be a different person like she was. In addition, the following part explains the conflicts that are considered as the important conflicts that affect the development of Pari’s personality.

1. First Conflict

The first conflict happens around Pari’s origin family when she lives in Afghanistan. Afghanistan is the country where Pari spends a couple years of her child hood. She spends her childhood under the guidance of two different families. The first is her origin family, with Abdullah, her brother, Saboor, her father, and Parwana, her stepmother and the second is her stepfamily, Mr. and Mrs.Wahdati. During her life in Afghanistan , Pari also lives in two different social classes. She lives with her origin family in poverty but she never feels so sad because of her brother who always protects and cares about her. Another family life she has is under the guidance of Mr. and Mrs. Wahdati is in sufficiency. The need of daily life is fulfilled and Mr. and Mrs. Wahdati never let Pari in a condition as a lack of affection child. Through her journey living in a two different families, she experiences conflicts that affect her psychologically. One of the most important incidents that cause a conflict is the incident when she is separated from her lovely brother. Her father has to do it because her father needs money that he gets after selling Pari to the Mr. Wahdati’s family. In this novel, the scene when Pari is separated from her brother is in the chapter where the author of the novel puts Nabi, Pari’s uncle who works as Mr. and Mrs. Wahdati’s chauffeur, as the first person. There is little point in recounting it in detail, Mr. Markos, the scene that did unfold precisely as I had feared. But all these years later, I still feel my heart clency when the memory of it forces its way to the fore. How could it not? I took those two helpless children, in whom love of the simplest and purest kind had found expression, and I tore one from the other. I will never forget the sudden emotional mayhem. Pari slung over my shoulder, panic-stricken, kicking her legs, shrieking, Abollah Abollah, as I whisked her away. Abdullah, screaming his sister’s name, trying to fight past his father. Nila, wide-eyed, her mouth covered with both hands, perhaps to silence her own scream. 2013:117. As Isenhart and Spangles say on their book that one factor that can influence a conflict is an unresolved problem from the past. The quote above is provided in order to explain the relation between unresolved problems and the conflict experienced by Pari, because the incident above happens on Pari’s past life, her childhood in Afghanistan. It affects her personality later. The quote above tells how Pari is forced to leave his brother, Abdullah. That is the moment when Pari is sold to Wahdatis and she never meets her real family again, especially her brother Abdullah. Based on Fitzpatrick and Noller’s statement, conflict in a family occurs when family members do not agree about the events and the situation in their lives